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The Role of Blue and Green Exercise in Planetary Health and Well-Being

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  • Nuno Loureiro

    (Projeto Aventura Social, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada, Portugal
    ISAMB, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
    Departamento de Artes, Humanidades e Desporto, Instituto Politécnico de Beja, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal)

  • Luís Calmeiro

    (ISAMB, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
    School of Applied Sciences, Abertay University, Dundee DD1 1HG, UK)

  • Adilson Marques

    (ISAMB, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
    CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada, Portugal)

  • Diego Gomez-Baya

    (Projeto Aventura Social, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada, Portugal
    Department of Social, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Universidad de Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain)

  • Margarida Gaspar de Matos

    (Projeto Aventura Social, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada, Portugal
    ISAMB, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal)

Abstract

The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes that health and well-being are essential to achieving the United Nations (UN) Development Agenda 2030, which includes the goal of empowering people to adopt active lifestyles while protecting the planet’s health. This article aims at exploring how exercise performed in different natural settings can contribute to improving health and to a more sustainable world. We define “exercise” as a form of physical activity undertaken to increase fitness, health, and well-being, and argue for the importance of “green” and “blue” exercise as forms of physical activity that are associated with the protection and sustainability of natural settings and the promotion of planetary health. Blue and green exercise should become a focus of public policies, especially when outdoor activities are being identified as fundamental for the promotion of mental, physical, social, and spiritual health. The current paper intends to raise the awareness of political decision-makers and professionals in education, environment, and heath sectors for the potential of green and blue exercise as specific exercise practices that are healthy, joyful, and environmentally friendly.

Suggested Citation

  • Nuno Loureiro & Luís Calmeiro & Adilson Marques & Diego Gomez-Baya & Margarida Gaspar de Matos, 2021. "The Role of Blue and Green Exercise in Planetary Health and Well-Being," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-12, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:19:p:10829-:d:646351
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Melanie L. Sartore-Baldwin & Brian McCullough, 2018. "Equity-based sustainability and ecocentric management: Creating more ecologically just sport organization practices," Sport Management Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 21(4), pages 391-402, October.
    4. de Vries, Sjerp & van Dillen, Sonja M.E. & Groenewegen, Peter P. & Spreeuwenberg, Peter, 2013. "Streetscape greenery and health: Stress, social cohesion and physical activity as mediators," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 26-33.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yolanda Campos-Uscanga & Hannia Reyes-Rincón & Eduardo Pineda & Santiago Gibert-Isern & Saraí Ramirez-Colina & Vianey Argüelles-Nava, 2022. "Running in Natural Spaces: Gender Analysis of Its Relationship with Emotional Intelligence, Psychological Well-Being, and Physical Activity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-10, May.

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