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A Long-Term Ecological Vulnerability Analysis of the Tibetan Region of Natural Conditions and Ecological Protection Programs

Author

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  • Yunxiao Jiang

    (College of the Life and Environmental Science, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
    Department of Geography, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117570, Singapore)

  • Yu Shi

    (College of the Life and Environmental Science, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Rong Li

    (College of the Life and Environmental Science, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Luo Guo

    (College of the Life and Environmental Science, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China)

Abstract

The combined impacts of drastic natural environment change and increasing human interference are making the uncertainty of the Tibetan Plateau’s ecological vulnerability the world’s largest. In this study, an ecological vulnerability index ( EVI ) of Tibet in the core area of the Tibetan Plateau was assessed using a selected set of ecological, social, and economic indicators and using a spatial principal component analysis (SPCA) to calculate their weights. The data included Landsat images and socio-economic data from 1990 to 2015 in five-year intervals. The results showed that the total EVI remained at a high vulnerability level, with drastic fluctuation from 1990 to 2000 (a peak in 1995, when there was a sudden increase in light vulnerability, which moved to extreme vulnerability in the next period), and minor fluctuations after 2000, gradually increasing from southeast to northwest. In addition, the spatial analysis showed a distinct positive correlation between the EVI and grassland area (0.33), land use degree (0.15), NDVI (0.14), livestock husbandry output, and a negative correlation in terms of desertification area. The artificial afforestation program (AAP) had a positive significant correlation with NDVI (R 2 = 0.88), preventing the environment from becoming more vulnerable. The results provide practical information and suggestions for planners to improve the land use degree in urban areas and the vegetation coverage in pastoral regions of the Tibetan Plateau based on the spatial–temporal heterogeneity patterns of the EVI of Tibet.

Suggested Citation

  • Yunxiao Jiang & Yu Shi & Rong Li & Luo Guo, 2021. "A Long-Term Ecological Vulnerability Analysis of the Tibetan Region of Natural Conditions and Ecological Protection Programs," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-22, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:19:p:10598-:d:642198
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Zhengyuan Zhao & Yunlong Zhang & Siqi Sun & Ting Li & Yihe Lü & Wei Jiang & Xing Wu, 2022. "Spatiotemporal Variations in Grassland Vulnerability on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Based on a Comprehensive Framework," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-17, April.
    2. Chenyang Wu & Yichen Zhang & Jiquan Zhang & Yanan Chen & Chenyu Duan & Jiawei Qi & Zhongshuai Cheng & Zengkai Pan, 2022. "Comprehensive Evaluation of the Eco-Geological Environment in the Concentrated Mining Area of Mineral Resources," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-19, June.

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