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Solar Irradiance Reduction Using Optimized Green Infrastructure in Arid Hot Regions: A Case Study in El-Nozha District, Cairo, Egypt

Author

Listed:
  • Wesam M. Elbardisy

    (Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Abbaseya, Cairo 11517, Egypt)

  • Mohamed A. Salheen

    (Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Abbaseya, Cairo 11517, Egypt)

  • Mohammed Fahmy

    (Department of Architecture Engineering, Military Technical Collage, Kobry El-Kobba, Cairo 11662, Egypt)

Abstract

In the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, studies focused on the relationship between urban planning practice and climatology are still lacking, despite the fact that the latter has nearly three decades of literature in the region and the former has much more. However, such an unfounded relationship that would consider urban sustainability measures is a serious challenge, especially considering the effects of climate change. The Greater Cairo Region (GCR) has recently witnessed numerous serious urban vehicular network re-development, leaving the city less green and in need of strategically re-thinking the plan regarding, and the role of, green infrastructure. Therefore, this study focuses on approaches to the optimization of the urban green infrastructure, in order to reduce solar irradiance in the city and, thus, its effects on the urban climatology. This is carried out by studying one of the East Cairo neighborhoods, named El-Nozha district, as a representative case of the most impacted neighborhoods. In an attempt to quantify these effects, using parametric simulation, the Air Temperature (T a ), Mean Radiant Temperature (T mrt ), Relative Humidity (RH), and Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) parameters were calculated before and after introducing urban trees, acting as green infrastructure types that mitigate climate change and the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect. Our results indicate that an optimized percentage, spacing, location, and arrangement of urban tree canopies can reduce the irradiance flux at the ground surface, having positive implications in terms of mitigating the urban heat island effect.

Suggested Citation

  • Wesam M. Elbardisy & Mohamed A. Salheen & Mohammed Fahmy, 2021. "Solar Irradiance Reduction Using Optimized Green Infrastructure in Arid Hot Regions: A Case Study in El-Nozha District, Cairo, Egypt," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-32, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:17:p:9617-:d:622747
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. J. Lelieveld & Y. Proestos & P. Hadjinicolaou & M. Tanarhte & E. Tyrlis & G. Zittis, 2016. "Strongly increasing heat extremes in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) in the 21st century," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 137(1), pages 245-260, July.
    2. Randa Osama Shata & Ayman Hassaan Mahmoud & Mohammad Fahmy, 2021. "Correlating the Sky View Factor with the Pedestrian Thermal Environment in a Hot Arid University Campus Plaza," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-25, January.
    3. Mahmoud Abu Ali & Khaled Alawadi & Asim Khanal, 2021. "The Role of Green Infrastructure in Enhancing Microclimate Conditions: A Case Study of a Low-Rise Neighborhood in Abu Dhabi," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-24, April.
    4. Shi Yin & Werner Lang & Yiqiang Xiao & Zhao Xu, 2019. "Correlative Impact of Shading Strategies and Configurations Design on Pedestrian-Level Thermal Comfort in Traditional Shophouse Neighbourhoods, Southern China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-26, March.
    5. Le Wang & Junwei Su & Zhaolin Gu & Qingxiang Shui, 2020. "Effect of Street Canyon Shape and Tree Layout on Pollutant Diffusion under Real Tree Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-14, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Randa A. Mahmoud & Wesam M. Elbardisy, 2023. "Climate Comfort Due to Spatial Organization: A Major Factor of Urban Resilience in Complex Gentrification Nodes in New Urban Communities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-26, February.
    2. Ahmed Yasser Abdelmejeed & Dietwald Gruehn, 2023. "Optimization of Microclimate Conditions Considering Urban Morphology and Trees Using ENVI-Met: A Case Study of Cairo City," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-34, December.

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