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Valorization of Linen Processing By-Products for the Development of Injection-Molded Green Composite Pieces of Polylactide with Improved Performance

Author

Listed:
  • Ángel Agüero

    (Technological Institute of Materials (ITM), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell 1, 03801 Alcoy, Spain)

  • Diego Lascano

    (Technological Institute of Materials (ITM), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell 1, 03801 Alcoy, Spain)

  • David Garcia-Sanoguera

    (Technological Institute of Materials (ITM), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell 1, 03801 Alcoy, Spain)

  • Octavio Fenollar

    (Technological Institute of Materials (ITM), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell 1, 03801 Alcoy, Spain)

  • Sergio Torres-Giner

    (Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain)

Abstract

This work reports the development and characterization of green composites based on polylactide (PLA) containing fillers and additives obtained from by-products or waste-streams from the linen processing industry. Flaxseed flour (FSF) was first produced by the mechanical milling of golden flaxseeds. The resultant FSF particles were melt-compounded at 30 wt% with PLA in a twin-screw extruder. Two multi-functionalized oils derived from linseed, namely epoxidized linseed oil (ELO) and maleinized linseed oil (MLO), were also incorporated during melt mixing at 2.5 and 5 parts per hundred resin (phr) of composite. The melt-compounded pellets were thereafter shaped into pieces by injection molding and characterized. Results showed that the addition of both multi-functionalized linseed oils successfully increased ductility, toughness, and thermal stability of the green composite pieces whereas water diffusion was reduced. The improvement achieved was related to both a plasticizing effect and, more interestingly, an enhancement of the interfacial adhesion between the biopolymer and the lignocellulosic particles by the reactive vegetable oils. The most optimal performance was attained for the MLO-containing green composite pieces, even at the lowest content, which was ascribed to the higher solubility of MLO with the PLA matrix. Therefore, the present study demonstrates the potential use of by-products or waste from flax ( Linum usitatissimum L.) to obtain renewable raw materials of suitable quality to develop green composites with high performance for market applications such as rigid food packaging and food-contact disposable articles in the frame of the Circular Economy and Bioeconomy.

Suggested Citation

  • Ángel Agüero & Diego Lascano & David Garcia-Sanoguera & Octavio Fenollar & Sergio Torres-Giner, 2020. "Valorization of Linen Processing By-Products for the Development of Injection-Molded Green Composite Pieces of Polylactide with Improved Performance," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-24, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:2:p:652-:d:309339
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Caroline Fritsch & Andreas Staebler & Anton Happel & Miguel Angel Cubero Márquez & Ingrid Aguiló-Aguayo & Maribel Abadias & Miriam Gallur & Ilaria Maria Cigognini & Angela Montanari & Maria Jose López, 2017. "Processing, Valorization and Application of Bio-Waste Derived Compounds from Potato, Tomato, Olive and Cereals: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-46, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. G. Venkatesh, 2022. "Circular Bio-economy—Paradigm for the Future: Systematic Review of Scientific Journal Publications from 2015 to 2021," Circular Economy and Sustainability,, Springer.
    2. Jiří Souček & Algirdas Jasinskas, 2020. "Assessment of the Use of Potatoes as a Binder in Flax Heating Pellets," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-14, December.

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