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Farmland Trace Metal Contamination and Management Model—Model Development and a Case Study in Central Taiwan

Author

Listed:
  • Hsin-Yi Yang

    (Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan)

  • Sheng-Kung Chen

    (Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan)

  • Jiun-Shiuan Wang

    (Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan)

  • Chih-Jen Lu

    (Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan)

  • Hung-Yu Lai

    (Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
    Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan)

Abstract

In this study, the water quality of the irrigation system and concentration of trace metals in the sediments were combined to establish a farmland trace metal contamination and management model (FTM_CMM). The purpose of this model was to clarify the main sources of the trace metals that have caused the contamination of paddy soil in central Taiwan. The results of the model simulation showed that the trace metals in the paddy soil mainly came from the irrigation water and especially from the sediments in the irrigation channels. The contribution of the sediments in the irrigation channel to the individual trace metals in the paddy soil ranged from 56% to 72% as the contributions for Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn were 72%, 68%, 56%, and 62%, respectively. The trace metal species according to their concentration in the contaminated soil ranked in the order of Zn > Cr ≈ Cu > Ni, which is about the same as in the channel sediment. During the simulation process, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn exceeded the control standards for farmlands in the 18th, 12th, 13th, and 17th years, respectively. This highlights that, in addition to the management of irrigation water quality, the management of trace metal contaminated sediment in adjacent canal irrigation systems is also an important part of the prevention of trace metal contamination in farmland.

Suggested Citation

  • Hsin-Yi Yang & Sheng-Kung Chen & Jiun-Shiuan Wang & Chih-Jen Lu & Hung-Yu Lai, 2020. "Farmland Trace Metal Contamination and Management Model—Model Development and a Case Study in Central Taiwan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-19, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:23:p:10066-:d:455084
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Shih-Han Huang & Ying-Lin Wang & Sheng-Hsien Li & Ling-Chu Chien & Tien-Chin Chang & Zeng-Yei Hseu & Hsing-Cheng Hsi, 2019. "Environmental and Health Risks of Heavy Metals in Farmland Soils of Drinking Water Protection Areas and a Contaminated Paddy Field in Taiwan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-17, September.
    2. Pingping Xiong & Jia Shi & Lingling Pei & Song Ding, 2019. "A Novel Linear Time-Varying GM(1,N) Model for Forecasting Haze: A Case Study of Beijing, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(14), pages 1-14, July.
    3. Liu, Chen-Wuing & Chen, Shih-Kai & Jou, Shew-Wen & Kuo, Sheng-Feng, 2001. "Estimation of the infiltration rate of a paddy field in Yun-Lin, Taiwan," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 68(1), pages 41-54, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yu-Shan Yen & Kuei-San Chen & Hsin-Yi Yang & Hung-Yu Lai, 2021. "Effect of Vermicompost Amendment on the Accumulation and Chemical Forms of Trace Metals in Leafy Vegetables Grown in Contaminated Soils," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-15, June.

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