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Who Benefits? How Interest-Convergence Shapes Benefit-Sharing and Indigenous Rights to Sustainable Livelihoods in Russia

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  • Maria S. Tysiachniouk

    (Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
    The Centre for Independent Social Research, 190041 Saint Petersburg, Russia
    Environmental Policy Group, Wageningen University, 6706KN Wageningen, The Netherlands)

  • Laura A. Henry

    (Department of Government and Legal Studies, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, ME 04011, USA)

  • Svetlana A. Tulaeva

    (North-West Institute of Management, Faculty of International Relations and Politics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, 197101 Saint Petersburg, Russia)

  • Leah S. Horowitz

    (Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
    School of Human Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA)

Abstract

The paper examines interactions of oil companies and reindeer herders in the tundra of the Russian Arctic. We focus on governance arrangements that have an impact on the sustainability of oil production and reindeer herding. We analyze a shift in benefit-sharing arrangements between oil companies and Indigenous Nenets reindeer herders in Nenets Autonomous Okrug (NAO), Russia, as an evolution of the herders’ rights, defined as the intertwined co-production of legal processes, ideologies, and power relations. Semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and document analysis demonstrate that in NAO, benefit-sharing shifted from paternalism (dependent on herders’ negotiation skills) to company-centered social responsibility (formalized compensation rules). This shift was enabled by the adoption of a formal methodology for calculating income lost due to extractive projects and facilitated by the regional government’s efforts to develop reindeer-herding. While laws per se did not change, herders’ ability to access compensation and markets increased. This paper shows that even when ideologies of indigeneity are not influential, the use of existing laws and convergence of the government’s and Indigenous groups’ economic interests may shift legal processes and power relations toward greater rights for Indigenous groups.

Suggested Citation

  • Maria S. Tysiachniouk & Laura A. Henry & Svetlana A. Tulaeva & Leah S. Horowitz, 2020. "Who Benefits? How Interest-Convergence Shapes Benefit-Sharing and Indigenous Rights to Sustainable Livelihoods in Russia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-22, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:21:p:9025-:d:437400
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Maria Tysiachniouk & Andrey N. Petrov & Vera Kuklina & Natalia Krasnoshtanova, 2018. "Between Soviet Legacy and Corporate Social Responsibility: Emerging Benefit Sharing Frameworks in the Irkutsk Oil Region, Russia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-23, September.
    2. Maria S. Tysiachniouk, 2020. "Disentangling Benefit-Sharing Complexities of Oil Extraction on the North Slope of Alaska," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(13), pages 1-31, July.
    3. Leah S Horowitz, 2013. "Toward Empathic Agonism: Conflicting Vulnerabilities in Urban Wetland Governance," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 45(10), pages 2344-2361, October.
    4. Laura A. Henry & Soili Nysten-Haarala & Svetlana Tulaeva & Maria Tysiachniouk, 2016. "Corporate Social Responsibility and the Oil Industry in the Russian Arctic: Global Norms and Neo-Paternalism," Europe-Asia Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 68(8), pages 1340-1368, September.
    5. Elisa Morgera, 2015. "Fair and Equitable Benefit-Sharing at the Cross-Roads of the Human Right to Science and International Biodiversity Law," Laws, MDPI, vol. 4(4), pages 1-29, December.
    6. Leah S. Horowitz, 2016. "Rhizomic Resistance Meets Arborescent Assemblage: UNESCO World Heritage and the Disempowerment of Indigenous Activism in New Caledonia," Annals of the American Association of Geographers, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 106(1), pages 167-185, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Svetlana Tulaeva & Maria Tysiachniouk & Minna Pappila & Minni Tynkkynen, 2023. "Marine Stewardship Council Certification in Finland and Russia: Global Standards and Local Practices," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-20, February.

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