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Environmental Values (2-MEV) and Appreciation of Nature

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  • Franz X. Bogner

    (Didactics of Biology, Z-MNU (Centre of Math & Science Education), University of Bayreuth, NW-1, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany)

Abstract

When monitoring the long history of empirical instruments for environmental attitude measurement, the Two Major Environmental Value model (2-MEV) with its two higher order factors: Preservation (PRE) and Utilization (UTL) has repeatedly and independently been confirmed. PRE assesses preferences towards conservation of nature and the environment, whilst UTL measures preferences towards utilization/exploitation of nature. The latter, however, does not yet include the positive aspects of benefitting from the (enjoyable) use of nature. Consequently, besides the established 2-MEV-battery, additional items from an “Appreciation of Nature” (APR) scale were applied to an Irish sample of 289 secondary school students (age: M = 14.3 years). Responses to the altogether 30-item battery were applied on an oblique rotation by using the Promax procedure: UTL and PRE appeared as orthogonally related factors, APR correlated to PRE with 0.283. Based on loading scores, the item number for each subscale was further reduced to make the analysis more manageable in educational outreach sites; on those sites, where completing questionnaires may well be quite unpopular, they are very much needed for planning and fine-tuning educational programs. Therefore, extending the 2-MEV scale with an added scale for Appreciation may help: (i) to judge participants’ feedback for adjusting/balancing program contents better; and (ii) to promote appreciation as a successful strategy for shifting individuals away from their individual exploitative preferences.

Suggested Citation

  • Franz X. Bogner, 2018. "Environmental Values (2-MEV) and Appreciation of Nature," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-10, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:10:y:2018:i:2:p:350-:d:129371
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Britta Oerke & Franz X. Bogner, 2010. "Gender, age and subject matter: impact on teachers’ ecological values," Environment Systems and Decisions, Springer, vol. 30(2), pages 111-122, June.
    2. Franz X. Bogner & Johann C. Brengelmann & Michael Wiseman, 2000. "Risk-taking and environmental perception," Environment Systems and Decisions, Springer, vol. 20(1), pages 49-62, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Michaela Maurer & Pavlos Koulouris & Franz X. Bogner, 2020. "Green Awareness in Action—How Energy Conservation Action Forces on Environmental Knowledge, Values and Behaviour in Adolescents’ School Life," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-15, January.
    2. Irmeli Palmberg & Sirpa Kärkkäinen & Eila Jeronen & Eija Yli-Panula & Christel Persson, 2019. "Nordic Student Teachers’ Views on the Most Efficient Teaching and Learning Methods for Species and Species Identification," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-19, September.
    3. Alexandra Stöckert & Franz X. Bogner, 2019. "Environmental Values and Technology Preferences of First-Year University Students," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-14, December.
    4. Josephat Paul Nkaizirwa & Catherine Musalagani Aurah & Florien Nsanganwimana, 2022. "An Empirical Investigation of Environmental Knowledge and Attitudes as the Correlates of Environmental Identity among Pre-Service Biology Teachers in Tanzania," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-21, December.
    5. Patricia Raab & Christoph Randler & Franz X. Bogner, 2018. "How Young “Early Birds” Prefer Preservation, Appreciation and Utilization of Nature," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-13, November.
    6. Bohuslav Binka & Martin Čech & Jan Činčera, 2022. "The Oasis of Peace? Social Perception of Urban Parks from the City-Dwellers’ Perspectives," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-15, September.
    7. Sang Putu Kaler Surata & Dewa Ayu Puspawati & Putu Eka Pasmidi Ariati & I. Gusti Agung Paramitha Eka Putri, 2022. "The ecological views of the Balinese toward their subak cultural landscape heritage," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(11), pages 12994-13010, November.
    8. Mona L. Schönfelder & Franz X. Bogner, 2020. "Between Science Education and Environmental Education: How Science Motivation Relates to Environmental Values," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-14, March.
    9. Gregor Torkar & Tina Fabijan & Franz X. Bogner, 2020. "Students’ Care for Dogs, Environmental Attitudes, and Behaviour," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-11, February.
    10. E. Cuadrado & L. H. Macias-Zambrano & A. J. Carpio & C. Tabernero, 2022. "The moderating effect of collective efficacy on the relationship between environmental values and ecological behaviors," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(3), pages 4175-4202, March.
    11. Renan de Almeida Barbosa & Christoph Randler & José Vicente Lima Robaina, 2021. "Values and Environmental Knowledge of Student Participants of Climate Strikes: A Comparative Perspective between Brazil and Germany," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-18, July.
    12. Eva-Maria Waltner & Werner Rieß & Christoph Mischo, 2019. "Development and Validation of an Instrument for Measuring Student Sustainability Competencies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-20, March.
    13. Jennifer Schneiderhan-Opel & Franz X. Bogner, 2020. "The Relation between Knowledge Acquisition and Environmental Values within the Scope of a Biodiversity Learning Module," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-19, March.
    14. Nicole V. DeVille & Linda Powers Tomasso & Olivia P. Stoddard & Grete E. Wilt & Teresa H. Horton & Kathleen L. Wolf & Eric Brymer & Peter H. Kahn & Peter James, 2021. "Time Spent in Nature Is Associated with Increased Pro-Environmental Attitudes and Behaviors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-18, July.
    15. Katja Scharenberg & Eva-Maria Waltner & Christoph Mischo & Werner Rieß, 2021. "Development of Students’ Sustainability Competencies: Do Teachers Make a Difference?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-22, November.
    16. Jan Činčera & Bruce Johnson & Roman Kroufek & Petra Šimonová, 2020. "Values Education in Outdoor Environmental Education Programs from the Perspective of Practitioners," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-13, June.
    17. Ariel Sarid & Daphne Goldman, 2021. "A Value-Based Framework Connecting Environmental Citizenship and Change Agents for Sustainability—Implications for Education for Environmental Citizenship," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-19, April.
    18. Chiara Mazzocchi & Luigi Orsi & Guido Sali, 2021. "Consumers’ Attitudes for Sustainable Mountain Cheese," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-17, February.
    19. Josephine Berndt & Sandra Nitz, 2023. "Learning in Citizen Science: The Effects of Different Participation Opportunities on Students’ Knowledge and Attitudes," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-16, August.

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