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Organic Crop Production in Kazakhstan: Agronomic Solutions and Bioresources

Author

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  • Timur Savin

    (Scientific-Production Center for Grain Named after A.I. Barayev, Shortandy 021600, Akmola Region, Kazakhstan)

  • Alexey Morgounov

    (Scientific-Production Center for Grain Named after A.I. Barayev, Shortandy 021600, Akmola Region, Kazakhstan)

Abstract

Crop production in Kazakhstan is characterized by vast resources, including over 200 M hectares of farmland and more than 23 M hectares of arable land located mainly in the arid zone with a short growing season. In 2023, the five most important crops in the country were spring wheat (12.5 M ha), spring barley (2.42 M ha), sunflower (1.13 M ha), flax (0.73 M ha), and winter wheat (0.59 M ha). Diverse agroecological conditions and low input farming represent good opportunities for the more sustainable use of resources through organic production. However, the area falling under certified organic farming recently varied from 0.1 to 0.3 M ha with wheat, flax, soybean and soybean meal, peas and lentils serving as the main commodities exported to Europe. Several factors limit organic farming development in the country, including the certification system, marketing, and the availability of crops, cultivars, and technologies. The current review summarizes the main organic agronomic practices and bioresources applicable in Kazakhstan into four main themes: crops and cultivars’ diversification; tillage systems for organic crops; crop nutrition; and protection. The technologies developed for organic farming in similar ecologies globally are highly relevant to Kazakhstan and need to be tested and adopted by producers. The lack of targeted cultivars and technology development for organic production in Kazakhstan impedes its progress and requires a longer-term producer-focused framework to extend related research.

Suggested Citation

  • Timur Savin & Alexey Morgounov, 2025. "Organic Crop Production in Kazakhstan: Agronomic Solutions and Bioresources," Resources, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-18, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jresou:v:14:y:2025:i:7:p:108-:d:1691551
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dinesh Panday & Nikita Bhusal & Saurav Das & Arash Ghalehgolabbehbahani, 2024. "Rooted in Nature: The Rise, Challenges, and Potential of Organic Farming and Fertilizers in Agroecosystems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-25, February.
    2. Danmeng Wang & Guoxi Gao & Ruolan Li & Shynggys Toktarbek & Nueryia Jiakula & Yongzhong Feng, 2022. "Limiting Factors and Environmental Adaptability for Staple Crops in Kazakhstan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-15, August.
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