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Improving the Reliability of Current Collectors in Electric Vehicles

Author

Listed:
  • Boris V. Malozyomov

    (Department of Electrotechnical Complexes, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia)

  • Nikita V. Martyushev

    (Department of Information Technology, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia)

  • Anton Y. Demin

    (Department of Information Technology, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia)

  • Alexander V. Pogrebnoy

    (Department of Information Technology, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia)

  • Egor A. Efremenkov

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia)

  • Denis V. Valuev

    (Yurga Technological Institute (Branch), Tomsk Polytechnic University, 652055 Yurga, Russia)

  • Aleksandr E. Boltrushevich

    (Department of Information Technology, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia)

Abstract

This article presents a mathematically grounded approach to increasing the operational reliability of current collectors in electric transport systems by ensuring a constant contact force between the collector shoe and the power rail. The core objective is achieved through the development and analysis of a mechanical system incorporating spring and cam elements, which is specifically designed to provide a nearly invariant contact pressure under varying operating conditions. A set of equilibrium equations was derived to determine the stiffness ratios of the springs and the geometric conditions under which the contact force remains constant despite wear or displacement. Additionally, the paper introduces a method for synthesizing the cam profile that compensates for nonlinear spring deformation, ensuring force constancy over a wide range of movement. The analytical results were validated through parametric simulations, which assessed the influence of wear depth, rail inclination, and external vibrations on the system’s force output. These simulations, executed within a numerical framework using scientific computing tools, demonstrated that the deviation of the contact force does not exceed a few percent under typical disturbances. Experimental verification further confirmed the theoretical predictions. The study exemplifies the effective use of mathematical modeling, nonlinear mechanics, and numerical methods in the design of energy transmission components for transport applications, contributing to the development of robust and maintainable systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Boris V. Malozyomov & Nikita V. Martyushev & Anton Y. Demin & Alexander V. Pogrebnoy & Egor A. Efremenkov & Denis V. Valuev & Aleksandr E. Boltrushevich, 2025. "Improving the Reliability of Current Collectors in Electric Vehicles," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-26, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:13:y:2025:i:12:p:2022-:d:1682583
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Natalia Koteleva & Nikolai Korolev, 2024. "A Diagnostic Curve for Online Fault Detection in AC Drives," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-14, March.
    2. Nickolay I. Shchurov & Sergey V. Myatezh & Boris V. Malozyomov & Alexander A. Shtang & Nikita V. Martyushev & Roman V. Klyuev & Sergei I. Dedov, 2021. "Determination of Inactive Powers in a Single-Phase AC Network," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-13, August.
    3. Boris V. Malozyomov & Nikita V. Martyushev & Vladimir Yu. Konyukhov & Tatiana A. Oparina & Nikolay A. Zagorodnii & Egor A. Efremenkov & Mengxu Qi, 2023. "Mathematical Analysis of the Reliability of Modern Trolleybuses and Electric Buses," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(15), pages 1-25, July.
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    5. Boris V. Malozyomov & Nikita V. Martyushev & Elena V. Voitovich & Roman V. Kononenko & Vladimir Yu. Konyukhov & Vadim Tynchenko & Viktor Alekseevich Kukartsev & Yadviga Aleksandrovna Tynchenko, 2023. "Designing the Optimal Configuration of a Small Power System for Autonomous Power Supply of Weather Station Equipment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-30, June.
    6. Yuriy Zhukovskiy & Aleksandra Buldysko & Ilia Revin, 2023. "Induction Motor Bearing Fault Diagnosis Based on Singular Value Decomposition of the Stator Current," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-23, April.
    7. Nickolay I. Shchurov & Sergey I. Dedov & Boris V. Malozyomov & Alexander A. Shtang & Nikita V. Martyushev & Roman V. Klyuev & Sergey N. Andriashin, 2021. "Degradation of Lithium-Ion Batteries in an Electric Transport Complex," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-33, December.
    8. Igor P. Boychuk & Anna V. Grinek & Nikita V. Martyushev & Roman V. Klyuev & Boris V. Malozyomov & Vadim S. Tynchenko & Viktor A. Kukartsev & Yadviga A. Tynchenko & Sergey I. Kondratiev, 2023. "A Methodological Approach to the Simulation of a Ship’s Electric Power System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-28, December.
    9. Boris V. Malozyomov & Nikita V. Martyushev & Vladislav V. Kukartsev & Vadim S. Tynchenko & Vladimir V. Bukhtoyarov & Xiaogang Wu & Yadviga A. Tyncheko & Viktor A. Kukartsev, 2023. "Overview of Methods for Enhanced Oil Recovery from Conventional and Unconventional Reservoirs," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-48, June.
    10. Nikita V. Martyushev & Boris V. Malozyomov & Ilham H. Khalikov & Viktor Alekseevich Kukartsev & Vladislav Viktorovich Kukartsev & Vadim Sergeevich Tynchenko & Yadviga Aleksandrovna Tynchenko & Mengxu , 2023. "Review of Methods for Improving the Energy Efficiency of Electrified Ground Transport by Optimizing Battery Consumption," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-39, January.
    11. Boris V. Malozyomov & Nikita V. Martyushev & Svetlana N. Sorokova & Egor A. Efremenkov & Mengxu Qi, 2023. "Mathematical Modeling of Mechanical Forces and Power Balance in Electromechanical Energy Converter," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-11, May.
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    13. Madina E. Isametova & Rollan Nussipali & Nikita V. Martyushev & Boris V. Malozyomov & Egor A. Efremenkov & Aysen Isametov, 2022. "Mathematical Modeling of the Reliability of Polymer Composite Materials," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(21), pages 1-19, October.
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    1. Nikita V. Martyushev & Boris V. Malozyomov & Anton Y. Demin & Alexander V. Pogrebnoy & Egor A. Efremenkov & Denis V. Valuev & Aleksandr E. Boltrushevich, 2025. "Mathematical Modeling of Signals for Weight Control of Vehicles Using Seismic Sensors," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-40, June.

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