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Construction of an Ecological Security Pattern for the National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest on the Basis of the Importance of the Function and Sensitivity of Its Ecosystem Services

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  • Lingyan Wei

    (School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    Intelligent Forestry Key Laboratory of Haikou City, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Meihui Li

    (School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    Intelligent Forestry Key Laboratory of Haikou City, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Yixi Ma

    (School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    Intelligent Forestry Key Laboratory of Haikou City, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China)

  • Yongshi Wang

    (School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    Intelligent Forestry Key Laboratory of Haikou City, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China)

  • Genghong Wu

    (School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    Intelligent Forestry Key Laboratory of Haikou City, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China)

  • Tiedong Liu

    (School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    Intelligent Forestry Key Laboratory of Haikou City, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China)

  • Wenfeng Gong

    (School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    Intelligent Forestry Key Laboratory of Haikou City, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China)

  • Mingjiang Mao

    (School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    Intelligent Forestry Key Laboratory of Haikou City, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China)

  • Yixian Zhao

    (School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    Intelligent Forestry Key Laboratory of Haikou City, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China)

  • Youhao Wei

    (School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    Intelligent Forestry Key Laboratory of Haikou City, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China)

  • Shirui Huang

    (School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    Intelligent Forestry Key Laboratory of Haikou City, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China)

  • Liya Huang

    (School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    Intelligent Forestry Key Laboratory of Haikou City, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China)

Abstract

The National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest (NPHTR) plays the crucial role of an ecological barrier for Hainan Island. It also serves as a valuable repository of tropical biological heritage for the world. The scientific establishment of an ecological security pattern (ESP) for the NPHTR is therefore essential for ensuring the robustness and stability of this regional ecosystem, safeguarding tropical biodiversity, and promoting sustainable development. This study integrates ecosystem service functions (ESFs) and ecological sensitivity to identify ecological sources (ESs) so that regional integrity is promoted and ecological security is ensured. Ecological corridors (ECs) are established on the basis of a minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model and circuit theory. We integrate ESs, nodes, and corridors to construct the ESP of the NPHTR. The areas of extreme importance and sensitivity in the NPHTR account for 25.17% and 25.47% of its overall area, respectively, and are predominantly situated in the higher elevations of its eastern and central regions. Further, the ESs are mainly distributed in its western region, specifically Ba Wangling (BWL), Jian Fengling (JFL), and Ying Geling (YGL), covering an area of 1624.67 km 2 (38.06% of the total area) of the NPHTR. After correction, 47 ECs with a distance of 870.9 km have been established, with BWL and YGL serving as the core areas. The ecological pinch- and barrier points in the NPHTR cover areas of 11.49 km 2 and 16.35 km 2 , respectively, primarily consisting of man-made landscapes such as farmlands and buildings. These areas are significantly disturbed by human activities. The NPHTR has an ESP of “one screen, one district, three belts, multiple points, and multiple corridors”. BWL and YGL, which contain numerous sources and corridors, are crucial ecological functional zones. To ensure the horizontal connectivity of rare wildlife, such as of Nomascus hainanus and Cervus eldii hainanus , the NPHTR should establish buffer or development zones. These findings offer valuable insights for the development and planning of ecological civilization on Hainan Island, as well as for the establishment and management of the ESP of other national parks and nature reserves.

Suggested Citation

  • Lingyan Wei & Meihui Li & Yixi Ma & Yongshi Wang & Genghong Wu & Tiedong Liu & Wenfeng Gong & Mingjiang Mao & Yixian Zhao & Youhao Wei & Shirui Huang & Liya Huang, 2024. "Construction of an Ecological Security Pattern for the National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest on the Basis of the Importance of the Function and Sensitivity of Its Ecosystem Services," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-23, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:13:y:2024:i:10:p:1618-:d:1492780
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wondirad, Amare & Ewnetu, Biruk, 2019. "Community participation in tourism development as a tool to foster sustainable land and resource use practices in a national park milieu," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    2. Rushdi, Ali Muhammad Ali & Hassan, Ahmad Kamal, 2015. "Reliability of migration between habitat patches with heterogeneous ecological corridors," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 304(C), pages 1-10.
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    Cited by:

    1. Huimei Xia & Wei Wang & Zijian Zhang, 2025. "From Conservation to Development: A Study of Land Use and Ecological Changes to Vegetation Around the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-24, March.

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