IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jlands/v11y2022i9p1479-d906294.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Quality Evaluation and Obstacle Identification of Human Settlements in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau Based on Multi-Source Data

Author

Listed:
  • Hejie Wei

    (College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
    Henan Engineering Research Center of Land Consolidation and Ecological Restoration, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China)

  • Yingying Gao

    (College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
    Henan Engineering Research Center of Land Consolidation and Ecological Restoration, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China)

  • Qing Han

    (College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
    Henan Engineering Research Center of Land Consolidation and Ecological Restoration, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China)

  • Ling Li

    (College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
    Henan Engineering Research Center of Land Consolidation and Ecological Restoration, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China)

  • Xiaobin Dong

    (Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

  • Mengxue Liu

    (Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

  • Qingxiang Meng

    (College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
    Henan Engineering Research Center of Land Consolidation and Ecological Restoration, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China)

Abstract

The unique high/cold environment of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) limits the natural distribution of the population living there and threatens local residents’ health. Thus, exploring the quality of human settlements in this area is of great significance. In this study, 5 first-level indicators and 25 second-level indicators were initially selected, and the entropy TOPSIS method was used to determine the weight of each indicator and evaluate the quality of the human settlements in each county of the QTP. Then, the coefficient of variation and spatial autocorrelation were used to analyze the spatial differences in human settlement quality. Finally, the obstacle degree model was used to identify those obstacles that affect the quality of the human settlements in the QTP. This study has gathered important findings. (1) The human settlement quality in these counties can be divided into 18 high-level areas, 45 mid- and high-level areas, 44 mid-level areas, 79 mid- and low-level areas, and 28 low-level areas. (2) In terms of spatial patterns, the north is higher than the south, the east is slightly higher than the west, and the surrounding area is higher than the interior. (3) In the clustering model, the high–high clustering trend is mainly concentrated in the north of the QTP, whereas the south-central part of the QTP and the zone where Tibet, Qinghai, and Sichuan meet exhibit obvious low–low clustering. (4) The variability of human settlement quality occurs in the order of Sichuan < Yunnan < Gansu < Xinjiang Autonomous Region < Tibet Autonomous Region < Qinghai. (5) The main first-level obstacles affecting human settlement quality in the counties of the QTP are living conditions, construction level of public service facilities, and infrastructure. The main second-level obstacles are the number of living service facilities, the number of residential districts, and the density of the road networks.

Suggested Citation

  • Hejie Wei & Yingying Gao & Qing Han & Ling Li & Xiaobin Dong & Mengxue Liu & Qingxiang Meng, 2022. "Quality Evaluation and Obstacle Identification of Human Settlements in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau Based on Multi-Source Data," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-21, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:9:p:1479-:d:906294
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/9/1479/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/9/1479/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Xueping Cong & Xueming Li & Yilu Gong, 2021. "Spatiotemporal Evolution and Driving Forces of Sustainable Development of Urban Human Settlements in China for SDGs," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-30, September.
    2. Wei Wei & Wenlong Li & Yu Song & Jing Xu & Wenying Wang & Chenli Liu, 2019. "The Dynamic Analysis and Comparison of Emergy Ecological Footprint for the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau: A Case Study of Qinghai Province and Tibet," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(20), pages 1-19, October.
    3. Zhengxin Ji & Hejie Wei & Dong Xue & Mengxue Liu & Enxiang Cai & Weiqiang Chen & Xinwei Feng & Jiwei Li & Jie Lu & Yulong Guo, 2021. "Trade-Off and Projecting Effects of Land Use Change on Ecosystem Services under Different Policies Scenarios: A Case Study in Central China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-23, March.
    4. Pengyan Wang & Xiaofei Qin & Yurui Li, 2021. "Satisfaction Evaluation of Rural Human Settlements in Northwest China: Method and Application," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-13, August.
    5. Xueming Li & He Liu, 2021. "The Influence of Subjective and Objective Characteristics of Urban Human Settlements on Residents’ Life Satisfaction in China," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-23, December.
    6. Wenjun Li & Peng Li & Zhiming Feng & Chiwei Xiao, 2022. "GIS-Based Modeling of Human Settlement Suitability for the Belt and Road Regions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-17, May.
    7. Jackie Parker & Greg D. Simpson, 2018. "Public Green Infrastructure Contributes to City Livability: A Systematic Quantitative Review," Land, MDPI, vol. 7(4), pages 1-26, December.
    8. Xiaojin Liang & Yaolin Liu & Tianqi Qiu, 2020. "Livability Assessment of Urban Communities considering the Preferences of Different Age Groups," Complexity, Hindawi, vol. 2020, pages 1-15, September.
    9. Tao Zhang & Beiyang Ding & Qinian Hu & Yuyu Liu & Dian Zhou & Weijun Gao & Hiroatsu Fukuda, 2020. "Research on Regional System Planning Method of Rural Habitat in Gully Regions of the Loess Plateau, under the Background of Rural Vitalization Strategy in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-23, April.
    10. Jingya Tang & Lichun Sui, 2022. "Geodetector-Based Livability Analysis of Potential Resettlement Locations for Villages in Coal Mining Areas on the Loess Plateau of China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-19, July.
    11. Weiwen Wang & Jian Gong & Ying Wang & Yang Shen, 2022. "The Causal Pathway of Rural Human Settlement, Livelihood Capital, and Agricultural Land Transfer Decision-Making: Is It Regional Consistency?," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-24, July.
    12. Zhengxin Ji & Yueqing Xu & Hejie Wei, 2020. "Identifying Dynamic Changes in Ecosystem Services Supply and Demand for Urban Sustainability: Insights from a Rapidly Urbanizing City in Central China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-23, April.
    13. Urooj Saeed & Sajid Rashid Ahmad & Ghulam Mohey-ud-din & Hira Jannat Butt & Uzma Ashraf, 2022. "An Integrated Approach for Developing an Urban Livability Composite Index—A Cities’ Ranking Road Map to Achieve Urban Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-20, July.
    14. Zhuoya Zhang & Zheneng Hu & Fanglei Zhong & Qingping Cheng & Mingzhu Wu, 2022. "Spatio-Temporal Evolution and Influencing Factors of High Quality Development in the Yunnan–Guizhou, Region Based on the Perspective of a Beautiful China and SDGs," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-19, May.
    15. Shenzhen Tian & Bing Yang & Zhangli Liu & Xueming Li & Wei Zhang, 2022. "Coupling Coordination of Urban Pseudo and Reality Human Settlements," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-21, March.
    16. Yiming Wei & Hongwei Wang & Bo Tan & Mengqi Xue & Yucong Yin, 2022. "Analysis of the Spatial Differentiation and Development Optimization of Towns’ Livable Quality in Aksu, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-16, June.
    17. Tiancheng Xie & Xinyan Liu & Pingjun Nie, 2022. "Study on Spatial–Temporal Patterns and Factors Influencing Human Settlement Quality in Beijing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-23, March.
    18. Xiaohuan Yang & Hanqing Ma, 2009. "Natural Environment Suitability of China and Its Relationship with Population Distributions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 6(12), pages 1-15, December.
    19. Yingying Guan & Xueming Li & Jun Yang & Songbo Li & Shenzhen Tian, 2022. "Spatial differentiation of comprehensive suitability of urban human settlements based on GIS: a case study of Liaoning Province, China," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(3), pages 4150-4174, March.
    20. Xue-ming Li & Zhi-zhen Bai & Shen-zhen Tian & Jun Yang & Yu-jie Guo, 2020. "Human Settlement Assessment in Jinan From a Facility Resource Perspective," SAGE Open, , vol. 10(2), pages 21582440209, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. He Liu & Xueming Li & Yingying Guan & Songbo Li & He Sun, 2023. "Comprehensive Evaluation and Analysis of Human Settlements’ Suitability in the Yangtze River Delta Based on Multi-Source Data," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-18, January.
    2. Hongyu Li & Yuelin Wang & Wende Chen & Hongfu Li & Yue Tian & Ruojing Chen, 2024. "Adaptability Evaluation of Human Settlements in Chengdu Based on ArcGIS," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-18, February.
    3. Dingwei Niu & Lucang Wang & Fuwei Qiao & Wei Li, 2022. "Analysis of Landscape Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Residential Areas on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau: A Case Study of Tibet, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-20, November.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. He Liu & Xueming Li & Yingying Guan & Songbo Li & He Sun, 2023. "Comprehensive Evaluation and Analysis of Human Settlements’ Suitability in the Yangtze River Delta Based on Multi-Source Data," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-18, January.
    2. Chuanglin Fang & Haitao Ma & Chao Bao & Zhenbo Wang & Guangdong Li & Siao Sun & Yupeng Fan, 2022. "Urban–rural human settlements in China: Objective evaluation and subjective well-being," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 9(1), pages 1-14, December.
    3. Tiancheng Xie & Xinyan Liu & Pingjun Nie, 2022. "Study on Spatial–Temporal Patterns and Factors Influencing Human Settlement Quality in Beijing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-23, March.
    4. Qiang Yang & Juncheng Fan & Jie Min & Jiaming Na & Pengling Wang & Xinyuan Wang & Ruichun Chang & Quanfeng Wang, 2023. "Assessment of Human Settlement Quality Based on the Population Exposure Risk to PM 2.5 Pollution in the Mid-Spine Belt of Beautiful China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-20, October.
    5. Hejie Wei & Jiaxin Zheng & Dong Xue & Xiaobin Dong & Mengxue Liu & Yali Zhang, 2022. "Identifying the Relationship between Livelihoods and Land Ecosystem Services Using a Coupled Model: A Case Study in the “One River and Two Tributaries” Region of Tibet," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-23, August.
    6. Hao Mei & Jin Yang & Mingshun Xiang & Xiaofeng Yang & Chunjian Wang & Wenheng Li & Suhua Yang, 2022. "Evaluation and Optimization Model of Rural Settlement Habitability in the Upper Reaches of the Minjiang River, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-18, November.
    7. Shi-Xin Wang & Yao Yao & Yi Zhou, 2014. "Analysis of Ecological Quality of the Environment and Influencing Factors in China during 2005–2010," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-21, January.
    8. Zhen Yang & Xiangjun Ou & Huxiao Zhu, 2023. "Population Dynamics and Its Driving Forces in China from 2000 to 2020," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-17, June.
    9. Richard Smardon, 2020. "Thomas Panagopoulos. Landscape urbanism and green infrastructure," Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, Springer;Association of Environmental Studies and Sciences, vol. 10(2), pages 208-209, June.
    10. Hua Liu & Dan-Yang Li & Rong Ma & Ming Ma, 2022. "Assessing the Ecological Risks Based on the Three-Dimensional Ecological Footprint Model in Gansu Province," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-19, December.
    11. Fengwan Zhang & Xueling Bao & Xin Deng & Dingde Xu, 2022. "Rural Land Transfer in the Information Age: Can Internet Use Affect Farmers’ Land Transfer-In?," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-14, October.
    12. Biyao Jiang & Xingmin Shi & Yuhan Qin, 2023. "Mechanisms and Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Soil and Water Conservation on the Livelihood and Well-Being of Farmer Households: A Case Study in Desert–Loess Transition Zone of China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-16, April.
    13. Jinliu Chen & Paola Pellegrini & Haoqi Wang, 2022. "Comparative Residents’ Satisfaction Evaluation for Socially Sustainable Regeneration—The Case of Two High-Density Communities in Suzhou," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-16, September.
    14. Hongyu Li & Yuelin Wang & Wende Chen & Hongfu Li & Yue Tian & Ruojing Chen, 2024. "Adaptability Evaluation of Human Settlements in Chengdu Based on ArcGIS," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-18, February.
    15. Xueqi Wang & Zhongguo Xu & Guan Li & Yuefei Zhuo & Wei Zou, 2023. "Farmland Transfer and Income Distribution Effect of Heterogeneous Farmers with Livelihood Capital: Evidence from CFPS," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-20, July.
    16. Yiming Wei & Hongwei Wang & Bo Tan & Mengqi Xue & Yucong Yin, 2022. "Analysis of the Spatial Differentiation and Development Optimization of Towns’ Livable Quality in Aksu, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-16, June.
    17. Jing Gong & Hongyan Du & Zhi Wang, 2022. "Analysis of the Influences of Ecological Compensation Projects on Transfer Employment of Rural Labor from the Perspective of Capability," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-14, September.
    18. Diana Harding & Kevin Muhamad Lukman & Matheus Jingga & Yuta Uchiyama & Jay Mar D. Quevedo & Ryo Kohsaka, 2022. "Urban Gardening and Wellbeing in Pandemic Era: Preliminary Results from a Socio-Environmental Factors Approach," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-15, March.
    19. Veronika Andrea & Stilianos Tampakis & Paraskevi Karanikola & Maria Georgopoulou, 2020. "The Citizens’ Views on Adaptation to Bioclimatic Housing Design: Case Study from Greece," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-18, June.
    20. Jackie Parker & Greg D. Simpson, 2020. "A Theoretical Framework for Bolstering Human-Nature Connections and Urban Resilience via Green Infrastructure," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-20, July.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:9:p:1479-:d:906294. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.