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Pertussis: A Review of Disease Epidemiology Worldwide and in Italy

Author

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  • Giovanni Gabutti

    (LHU 4 “Chiavarese”, Hygiene and Public Health O.U.,Corso Dante, Chiavari (Ge) 163-16043, Italy)

  • Maria Cristina Rota

    (National Center for Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion (CNEPS), National Institute of Health (ISS), Rome I-00161, Italy)

Abstract

Pertussis continues to be a relevant public-health issue. The high coverage rates achieved have decreased the spread of the pathogen, but the waning of immunity implies a relevant role of adolescents and adults in the infective dynamics as they may represent a significant source of infection for unvaccinated or incompletely immunized newborns. The passive surveillance system is affected by many limitations. The underestimation of pertussis in adolescents, young adults and adults is mainly related to the atypical clinical characteristics of cases and the lack of lab confirmation. The real epidemiological impact of pertussis is not always perceived, anyway, the unavailability of comprehensive data should not hamper the adoption of active prophylactic interventions aimed at preventing the impact of waning immunity on pertussis. To avoid an increase of the mean age of acquisition of the infection, a booster dose of low-antigen content combined vaccine should be adopted in adolescents and adults. A decreased risk of infection in newborns can be achieved with the cocoon strategy, although the debate on this aspect is still open and enhanced surveillance and further studies are needed to fine-tune the pertussis prevention strategy.

Suggested Citation

  • Giovanni Gabutti & Maria Cristina Rota, 2012. "Pertussis: A Review of Disease Epidemiology Worldwide and in Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-13, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:9:y:2012:i:12:p:4626-4638:d:22105
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Laurent Coudeville & Annelies Van Rie & Denis Getsios & J Jaime Caro & Pascal Crépey & Van Hung Nguyen, 2009. "Adult Vaccination Strategies for the Control of Pertussis in the United States: An Economic Evaluation Including the Dynamic Population Effects," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 4(7), pages 1-9, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Giovanni Gabutti & Irene Cetin & Michele Conversano & Claudio Costantino & Paolo Durando & Sandro Giuffrida, 2022. "Experts’ Opinion for Improving Pertussis Vaccination Rates in Adolescents and Adults: A Call to Action," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-15, April.

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