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Small Area and Individual Level Predictors of Physical Activity in Urban Communities: A Multi-Level Study in Stoke on Trent, England

Author

Listed:
  • Thomas Cochrane

    (Centre for Sport & Exercise Research, Staffordshire University, Leek Road Campus, Stoke on Trent, ST4 2DF, UK)

  • Rachel C. Davey

    (Centre for Sport & Exercise Research, Staffordshire University, Leek Road Campus, Stoke on Trent, ST4 2DF, UK)

  • Chris Gidlow

    (Centre for Sport & Exercise Research, Staffordshire University, Leek Road Campus, Stoke on Trent, ST4 2DF, UK)

  • Graham R. Smith

    (Institute for Environment and Sustainability Research, Staffordshire University, College Road, Stoke on Trent, ST4 2DE, UK)

  • Jon Fairburn

    (Institute for Environment and Sustainability Research, Staffordshire University, College Road, Stoke on Trent, ST4 2DE, UK)

  • Christopher J. Armitage

    (Department of Psychology, Sheffield University, Sheffield, S10 2TP, UK)

  • Hilde Stephansen

    (NatCen, National Centre for Social Research, 35 Northampton Square, London EC1V 0AX, UK)

  • Svetlana Speight

    (NatCen, National Centre for Social Research, 35 Northampton Square, London EC1V 0AX, UK)

Abstract

Reducing population physical inactivity has been declared a global public health priority. We report a detailed multi-level analysis of small area indices and individual factors as correlates of physical activity in deprived urban areas. Multi-level regression analysis was used to investigate environmental and individual correlates of physical activity. Nine individual factors were retained in the overall model, two related to individual intentions or beliefs, three to access to shops, work or fast food outlets and two to weather; age and gender being the other two. Four area level indices related to: traffic, road casualties, criminal damage and access to green space were important in explaining variation in physical activity.

Suggested Citation

  • Thomas Cochrane & Rachel C. Davey & Chris Gidlow & Graham R. Smith & Jon Fairburn & Christopher J. Armitage & Hilde Stephansen & Svetlana Speight, 2009. "Small Area and Individual Level Predictors of Physical Activity in Urban Communities: A Multi-Level Study in Stoke on Trent, England," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 6(2), pages 1-24, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:6:y:2009:i:2:p:654-677:d:3977
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. van Lenthe, F. J. & Brug, J. & Mackenbach, J. P., 2005. "Neighbourhood inequalities in physical inactivity: the role of neighbourhood attractiveness, proximity to local facilities and safety in the Netherlands," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 60(4), pages 763-775, February.
    2. Diez Roux, A.V., 2001. "Investigating neighborhood and area effects on health," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 91(11), pages 1783-1789.
    3. Stafford, Mai & Duke-Williams, Oliver & Shelton, Nicola, 2008. "Small area inequalities in health: Are we underestimating them?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 67(6), pages 891-899, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Deborah Black & John Black, 2009. "A Review of the Urban Development and Transport Impacts on Public Health with Particular Reference to Australia: Trans-Disciplinary Research Teams and Some Research Gaps," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 6(5), pages 1-40, April.
    2. Julia Bolívar & Antonio Daponte & Miguel Rodríguez & José Juan Sánchez, 2010. "The Influence of Individual, Social and Physical Environment Factors on Physical Activity in the Adult Population in Andalusia, Spain," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 7(1), pages 1-18, January.

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