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Epidemiology of Suicide Mortality in Paraguay from 2005 to 2019: A Descriptive Study

Author

Listed:
  • Ethel Santacruz

    (Department of Noncommunicable Disease Surveillance, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Asunción 001221, Paraguay)

  • Derlis Duarte-Zoilan

    (Department of Noncommunicable Disease Surveillance, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Asunción 001221, Paraguay)

  • Gilda Benitez Rolandi

    (Department of Noncommunicable Disease Surveillance, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Asunción 001221, Paraguay
    Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Asunción, Asunción 011221, Paraguay)

  • Felicia Cañete

    (Department of Noncommunicable Disease Surveillance, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Asunción 001221, Paraguay
    Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Asunción, Asunción 011221, Paraguay)

  • Dins Smits

    (Faculty of Medicine, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia)

  • Noël C. Barengo

    (Department of Medical Education, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
    School of Medicine, National University of Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina)

  • Guillermo Sequera

    (Department of Noncommunicable Disease Surveillance, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Asunción 001221, Paraguay
    Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Asunción, Asunción 011221, Paraguay)

Abstract

Suicide is an important public health problem, fundamentally affecting the younger population and responding to multiple biological, psychological, and social causes. The objective of this study was to characterize changes in suicide mortality, suicide methods, and years of potential life lost from 2005 to 2019 in Paraguay. This observational, descriptive study used data from the Vital Statistics Information Subsystem of the Ministry of Public Health and Social Welfare. The average mortality rate from suicide was 4.9 per 100,000 inhabitants, with an increase from 4.2 between 2005 and 2009 to 5.8 from 2014 to 2019. Suicide was more common in men (75%) than in women. In men, the highest mortality rate was observed among those 20–24 years old, whereas in women, the ages most affected were the 15–19-year-old age group. The most-used method for suicide was hanging. The most frequent place of suicide occurrence was at home (73%). The seasonality of suicide occurrence showed a slight increase in the spring–summer months compared with autumn–winter (53% vs. 47%). The rate of potential years of life lost statistically significantly increased from 2005 to 2019. Public health measures need to be implemented to investigate the underlying reasons and implement interventions in the population to decrease suicide mortality in Paraguay.

Suggested Citation

  • Ethel Santacruz & Derlis Duarte-Zoilan & Gilda Benitez Rolandi & Felicia Cañete & Dins Smits & Noël C. Barengo & Guillermo Sequera, 2024. "Epidemiology of Suicide Mortality in Paraguay from 2005 to 2019: A Descriptive Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(3), pages 1-11, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:21:y:2024:i:3:p:277-:d:1347527
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Judith Casant & Marco Helbich, 2022. "Inequalities of Suicide Mortality across Urban and Rural Areas: A Literature Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-15, February.
    2. Andrea Miranda-Mendizabal & Pere Castellví & Oleguer Parés-Badell & Itxaso Alayo & José Almenara & Iciar Alonso & Maria Jesús Blasco & Annabel Cebrià & Andrea Gabilondo & Margalida Gili & Carolina Lag, 2019. "Gender differences in suicidal behavior in adolescents and young adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 64(2), pages 265-283, March.
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