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A Narrative Review of High Throughput Wastewater Sample Processing for Infectious Disease Surveillance: Challenges, Progress, and Future Opportunities

Author

Listed:
  • Bhuvanesh Kumar Shanmugam

    (RASID Laboratory, M42 Healthcare, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 4200, United Arab Emirates)

  • Maryam Alqaydi

    (RASID Laboratory, M42 Healthcare, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 4200, United Arab Emirates)

  • Degan Abdisalam

    (RASID Laboratory, M42 Healthcare, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 4200, United Arab Emirates)

  • Monika Shukla

    (RASID Laboratory, M42 Healthcare, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 4200, United Arab Emirates)

  • Helio Santos

    (RASID Laboratory, M42 Healthcare, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 4200, United Arab Emirates)

  • Ranya Samour

    (RASID Laboratory, M42 Healthcare, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 4200, United Arab Emirates)

  • Lawrence Petalidis

    (RASID Laboratory, M42 Healthcare, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 4200, United Arab Emirates)

  • Charles Matthew Oliver

    (Mubadala Health-Dubai, Dubai P.O. Box 26699, United Arab Emirates)

  • Grzegorz Brudecki

    (RASID Laboratory, M42 Healthcare, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 4200, United Arab Emirates)

  • Samara Bin Salem

    (Abu Dhabi Quality and Conformity Council (ADQCC), Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 2282, United Arab Emirates)

  • Wael Elamin

    (RASID Laboratory, M42 Healthcare, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 4200, United Arab Emirates)

Abstract

During the recent COVID-19 pandemic, wastewater-based epidemiological (WBE) surveillance played a crucial role in evaluating infection rates, analyzing variants, and identifying hot spots in a community. This expanded the possibilities for using wastewater to monitor the prevalence of infectious diseases. The full potential of WBE remains hindered by several factors, such as a lack of information on the survival of pathogens in sewage, heterogenicity of wastewater matrices, inconsistent sampling practices, lack of standard test methods, and variable sensitivity of analytical techniques. In this study, we review the aforementioned challenges, cost implications, process automation, and prospects of WBE for full-fledged wastewater-based community health screening. A comprehensive literature survey was conducted using relevant keywords, and peer reviewed articles pertinent to our research focus were selected for this review with the aim of serving as a reference for research related to wastewater monitoring for early epidemic detection.

Suggested Citation

  • Bhuvanesh Kumar Shanmugam & Maryam Alqaydi & Degan Abdisalam & Monika Shukla & Helio Santos & Ranya Samour & Lawrence Petalidis & Charles Matthew Oliver & Grzegorz Brudecki & Samara Bin Salem & Wael E, 2024. "A Narrative Review of High Throughput Wastewater Sample Processing for Infectious Disease Surveillance: Challenges, Progress, and Future Opportunities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(11), pages 1-22, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:21:y:2024:i:11:p:1432-:d:1508917
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Brenda L. Price & Peter B. Gilbert & Mark J. van der Laan, 2018. "Estimation of the optimal surrogate based on a randomized trial," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 74(4), pages 1271-1281, December.
    2. Patrick T. Acer & Lauren M. Kelly & Andrew A. Lover & Caitlyn S. Butler, 2022. "Quantifying the Relationship between SARS-CoV-2 Wastewater Concentrations and Building-Level COVID-19 Prevalence at an Isolation Residence: A Passive Sampling Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-15, September.
    3. Ribeiro, Matheus Henrique Dal Molin & da Silva, Ramon Gomes & Mariani, Viviana Cocco & Coelho, Leandro dos Santos, 2020. "Short-term forecasting COVID-19 cumulative confirmed cases: Perspectives for Brazil," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
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