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Identity-Driven Targeted Violence in a College Setting: An Overview of Prevalence and Behavioral Responses

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  • Patrick T. McGonigal

    (Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska Lincoln, 1220 T St., Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
    Patton State Hospital, 3102 Highland Ave., Patton, CA 92369, USA)

  • Mario J. Scalora

    (Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska Lincoln, 1220 T St., Lincoln, NE 68588, USA)

Abstract

Background: Online and offline identity-driven harassment disproportionately affects minoritized college students, contributing to poorer academic performance and attrition. Because victims are often hesitant to formally report incidents, additional research is needed to understand the genuine prevalence of these experiences as well as the responses victims engage in following the incidents. Methods: A large undergraduate sample ( N = 2000) from a Midwestern university responded to an anonymous survey assessing the frequency of identity-driven behavior occurring on-campus and beyond, in addition to how they responded to harassment. Results: The results unveiled that perpetrators most often targeted an individual’s sex and gender, followed by their sexual orientation and race. Specific behaviors ranged from more frequent, mild forms of harassment (i.e., verbal harassment, invading space) to less frequent, severe forms of harassment (i.e., physical and sexual assault). Victims reported engaging in informal activities following harassment, such as relying on social support or ignoring the perpetrator. Conclusions: The current study unveiled patterns of identity-driven behaviors experienced by college students as well as how they respond to victimization. Future directions and practical implications are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Patrick T. McGonigal & Mario J. Scalora, 2024. "Identity-Driven Targeted Violence in a College Setting: An Overview of Prevalence and Behavioral Responses," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(10), pages 1-19, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:21:y:2024:i:10:p:1312-:d:1490192
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Brady, Patrick Q. & Nobles, Matt R. & Bouffard, Leana A., 2017. "Are college students really at a higher risk for stalking?: Exploring the generalizability of student samples in victimization research," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 12-21.
    2. Jennings, Wesley G. & Reingle, Jennifer M., 2012. "On the number and shape of developmental/life-course violence, aggression, and delinquency trajectories: A state-of-the-art review," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 40(6), pages 472-489.
    3. Erin Grinshteyn & Reid Whaley & Marie-Claude Couture, 2022. "High Fear of Discriminatory Violence among Racial, Gender, and Sexual Minority College Students and Its Association with Anxiety and Depression," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-13, February.
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