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Auditing the Audits: A Systematic Review on Different Procedures in Telemedicine

Author

Listed:
  • Davide Cardile

    (IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, S.S. 113, Via Palermo C/da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy)

  • Francesco Corallo

    (IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, S.S. 113, Via Palermo C/da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy)

  • Irene Cappadona

    (IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, S.S. 113, Via Palermo C/da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy)

  • Augusto Ielo

    (IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, S.S. 113, Via Palermo C/da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy)

  • Placido Bramanti

    (IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, S.S. 113, Via Palermo C/da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy)

  • Viviana Lo Buono

    (IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, S.S. 113, Via Palermo C/da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy)

  • Rosella Ciurleo

    (IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, S.S. 113, Via Palermo C/da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy)

  • Maria Cristina De Cola

    (IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, S.S. 113, Via Palermo C/da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy)

Abstract

Telemedicine is a process of delivering health care using information and communication technologies. Audit and feedback (A&F) constitute a systematic intervention that is aimed at collecting data, which are subsequently compared with reference standards and then returned to health care operators through feedback meetings. The aim of this review is to analyse different audit procedures on and by mean of telemedicine services and to identify a practice that is more effective than the others. Systematic searches were performed in three databases evaluating studies focusing on clinical audits performed on and by means of telemedicine systems. Twenty-five studies were included in the review. Most of them focused on telecounselling services with an audit and a maximum duration of one year. Recipients of the audit were telemedicine systems and service users (general practitioners, referring doctors, and patients). Data resulting from the audit were inherent to the telemedicine service. The overall data collected concerned the number of teleconsultations, service activity, reasons for referral, response times, follow-up, reasons why treatment was not completed, technical issues, and other information specific to each telemedicine service. Only two of the considered studies dealt with organizational aspects, and of these, only one analysed communicative aspects. The complexity and heterogeneity of the treatments and services provided meant that no index of uniformity could be identified. Certainly, some audits were performed in an overlapping manner in the different studies, and these show that although attention is often paid to workers’ opinions, needs, and issues, little interest was shown in communicative/organizational and team dynamics. Given the importance and influence that communication has in teamwork and care settings, an audit protocol that takes into account intra- and extra-team communication processes could be essential to improving the well-being of operators and the quality of the service provided.

Suggested Citation

  • Davide Cardile & Francesco Corallo & Irene Cappadona & Augusto Ielo & Placido Bramanti & Viviana Lo Buono & Rosella Ciurleo & Maria Cristina De Cola, 2023. "Auditing the Audits: A Systematic Review on Different Procedures in Telemedicine," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-17, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:5:p:4484-:d:1086260
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Glasgow, R.E. & Vogt, T.M. & Boles, S.M., 1999. "Evaluating the public health impact of health promotion interventions: The RE-AIM framework," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 89(9), pages 1322-1327.
    2. Christopher Morris & Richard E. Scott & Maurice Mars, 2022. "An Audit and Survey of Informal Use of Instant Messaging for Dermatology in District Hospitals in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-11, June.
    3. Davide Cardile & Augusto Ielo & Francesco Corallo & Irene Cappadona & Giangaetano D’Aleo & Maria Cristina De Cola & Placido Bramanti & Rosella Ciurleo, 2023. "Communication Training: Significance and Effects of a Preliminary Psychological Intervention upon an Audit Team," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-11, February.
    4. Malgorzata Witkowska-Zimny & Barbara Nieradko-Iwanicka, 2022. "Telemedicine in Emergency Medicine in the COVID-19 Pandemic—Experiences and Prospects—A Narrative Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-11, July.
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