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School Prejudice and Substance Use from Adolescence to Emerging Adulthood in the United States: Variation across Race and Ethnicity

Author

Listed:
  • Xing Zhang

    (College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA)

  • Daniel B. Lee

    (Institute for Firearm Injury Prevention, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA)

Abstract

Background: Racial and ethnic disparities in health outcomes have been consistently documented in the health literature. Until recently, many studies have evidenced associations between prejudice and health behaviors using cross-sectional data. However, studies assessing the link between school prejudice and health behaviors from adolescence to adulthood are limited. Methods: To address this gap, we use data from Waves I, II, and III of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (1994–2002) to examine how perceptions of school prejudice over time influence cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and marijuana use from adolescence to emerging adulthood. We also examine variation across race and ethnicity. Results: Results indicate that school prejudice in adolescence (Wave I) is associated with higher cigarette use, alcohol use, and marijuana use in later adolescence (Wave II). White and Asian adolescents who perceived school prejudice were more likely to use alcohol, while Hispanic adolescents were more likely to use marijuana. Conclusions: Efforts to reduce school prejudice among adolescents may have implications in reducing substance use.

Suggested Citation

  • Xing Zhang & Daniel B. Lee, 2023. "School Prejudice and Substance Use from Adolescence to Emerging Adulthood in the United States: Variation across Race and Ethnicity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-12, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:5:p:4171-:d:1080738
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Williams, D.R. & John, D.A. & Oyserman, D. & Sonnega, J. & Mohammed, S.A. & Jackson, J.S., 2012. "Research on discrimination and health: An exploratory study of unresolved conceptual and measurement issues," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 102(5), pages 975-978.
    2. Daniel Lichter, 2013. "Integration or Fragmentation? Racial Diversity and the American Future," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 50(2), pages 359-391, April.
    3. Gilbert, Paul A. & Zemore, Sarah E., 2016. "Discrimination and drinking: A systematic review of the evidence," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 178-194.
    4. Udry, J.R. & Li, R.M. & Hendrickson-Smith, J., 2003. "Health and Behavior Risks of Adolescents with Mixed-Race Identity," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 93(11), pages 1865-1870.
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