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Obesity Status and Physical Fitness Levels in Male and Female Portuguese Adolescents: A Two-Way Multivariate Analysis

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  • Samuel Encarnação

    (Department of Sports Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
    Department of Sport Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança (IPB), 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
    Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
    Research Center of the Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, (CI-ISCE), 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal)

  • Filipe Rodrigues

    (ESECS—Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
    Life Quality Research Center (CIEQV), 2040-413 Leiria, Portugal)

  • António Miguel Monteiro

    (Department of Sport Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança (IPB), 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
    Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal)

  • Hatem Gouili

    (High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Elkef, University of Jendouba, Jendouba Kef 7100, Tunisia)

  • Soukaina Hattabi

    (Research Center of the Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, (CI-ISCE), 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
    High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Elkef, University of Jendouba, Jendouba Kef 7100, Tunisia
    Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal)

  • Andrew Sortwell

    (Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
    School of Nursing, Midwifery, Health Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Notre Dame, Sydney 2007, Australia)

  • Luís Branquinho

    (Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
    Research Center of the Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, (CI-ISCE), 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
    Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal)

  • José Eduardo Teixeira

    (Department of Sport Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança (IPB), 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
    Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
    Department of Sport Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal)

  • Ricardo Ferraz

    (Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
    Department of Sports Sciences, University of Beria Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal)

  • Pedro Flores

    (Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
    Research Center of the Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, (CI-ISCE), 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
    Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal)

  • Sandra Silva-Santos

    (Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
    Research Center of the Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, (CI-ISCE), 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
    Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
    Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT -IPVC), 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal)

  • Joana Ribeiro

    (Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
    Research Center of the Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, (CI-ISCE), 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
    Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal)

  • Amanda Batista

    (Research Center of the Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, (CI-ISCE), 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
    Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal)

  • Pedro Miguel Forte

    (Department of Sport Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança (IPB), 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
    Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
    Research Center of the Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, (CI-ISCE), 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
    Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal)

Abstract

Obesity and decreasing fitness levels among the youth are growing concerns in Portugal, similar to other developed countries, with implications for health and psychomotor development. Understanding the influence of health determinants such as sex and age are crucial for developing effective public health strategies. This study aimed to analyze the association between sex and chronological age with obesity status and physical fitness in Portuguese adolescents. A total of 170 adolescents (85 males and 85 females) were evaluated for body mass index, abdominal adiposity, aerobic fitness, abdominal resistance, upper limb resistance, lower limb power, and maximal running speed in a 40 m sprint using the FITescola ® physical fitness battery, a Portuguese government initiative. The general model, analyzed using Pillai’s trace, showed a significant effect of age and sex on body mass index, abdominal circumference, aerobic fitness, abdominal resistance, upper limb resistance, lower limb power, and maximal running speed (V = 0.99, F (7) = 10,916.4, p < 0.001, partial η2, sex = 0.22; age = 0.43, sex and age interaction = 0.10). Boys had higher physical fitness levels than girls in most tests, but both sex groups had a significantly higher proportion of non-fit adolescents, with boys showing the highest number of participants classified as non-fit.

Suggested Citation

  • Samuel Encarnação & Filipe Rodrigues & António Miguel Monteiro & Hatem Gouili & Soukaina Hattabi & Andrew Sortwell & Luís Branquinho & José Eduardo Teixeira & Ricardo Ferraz & Pedro Flores & Sandra Si, 2023. "Obesity Status and Physical Fitness Levels in Male and Female Portuguese Adolescents: A Two-Way Multivariate Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(12), pages 1-14, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:12:p:6115-:d:1169814
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    References listed on IDEAS

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