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The Economic Burden and Determinant Factors of Parents/Caregivers of Children with Cerebral Palsy in Malaysia: A Mixed Methods Study

Author

Listed:
  • Aniza Ismail

    (Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia)

  • Ruhana Sk Abd Razak

    (Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia)

  • Leny Suzana Suddin

    (Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh 47000, Malaysia)

  • Aidalina Mahmud

    (Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia)

  • Sazlina Kamaralzaman

    (Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia)

  • Ghazali Yusri

    (Academy of Language Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Malaysia)

Abstract

The economic burden is a major concern for parents/caregivers of children with cerebral palsy (CP). This study used the sequential explanatory mixed-method approach to explorethe economic burden on parents/caregivers with a CP child in Malaysia and the factors associated with the economic burden. The study period spanned April 2020 and December 2020. A total of 106 questionnaire respondents were selected for the quantitative part, and 15 were interviewed to obtain qualitative input. A retrospective costing analysis was conducted based on the cost data obtained from the questionnaire. The majority of the children were GrossMotor Function Classification System (GMFCS) Level 5 (71%), quadriplegic (63%), and aged >4 years (90%). The estimated annual median total economic burden on the parents/caregivers per child in 2020 was RM52,540.00 (~USD12,515.03), with indirect cost being the greatest cost (RM28,800.00, ~USD6860.16), followed by developmental cost (RM16,200.00, ~USD3858.84), direct healthcare cost (RM4540.00, ~USD1081.43) and direct non-healthcare cost (RM3000.00, ~USD714.60). The annual household income was identified as a significant determinant factor ( p =0.019, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.40) of the economic burden. The participants’ responses during the in-depth interview in the qualitative part of the study supported the premise that socioeconomic factors play a substantial role in determining the total economic burden. Our findings may aid local policymakers when planning the greater provision of support to the affected families in the future, especially for the parents/caregivers of children with CP, who are facing socioeconomic challenges.

Suggested Citation

  • Aniza Ismail & Ruhana Sk Abd Razak & Leny Suzana Suddin & Aidalina Mahmud & Sazlina Kamaralzaman & Ghazali Yusri, 2022. "The Economic Burden and Determinant Factors of Parents/Caregivers of Children with Cerebral Palsy in Malaysia: A Mixed Methods Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-21, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:1:p:475-:d:716211
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wang, Bin & Chen, Yingyao & Zhang, Jie & Li, Jun & Guo, Yan & Hailey, David, 2008. "A preliminary study into the economic burden of cerebral palsy in China," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 87(2), pages 223-234, August.
    2. Kelvin Ying & Hans Van Rostenberghe & Garry Kuan & Mohammad Haris Amirul Mohd Yusoff & Siti Hawa Ali & Nik Soriani Yaacob, 2021. "Health-Related Quality of Life and Family Functioning of Primary Caregivers of Children with Cerebral Palsy in Malaysia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-13, February.
    3. Park, Moon Seok & Kim, Se Jin & Chung, Chin Youb & Kwon, Dae Gyu & Choi, In Ho & Lee, Kyoung Min, 2011. "Prevalence and lifetime healthcare cost of cerebral palsy in South Korea," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 100(2), pages 234-238.
    4. Park, Moon Seok & Kim, Se Jin & Chung, Chin Youb & Kwon, Dae Gyu & Choi, In Ho & Lee, Kyoung Min, 2011. "Prevalence and lifetime healthcare cost of cerebral palsy in South Korea," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 100(2-3), pages 234-238, May.
    5. Rios, D. & Magasi, S. & Novak, C. & Harniss, M., 2016. "Conducting accessible research: Including people with disabilities in public health, epidemiological, and outcomes studies," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 106(12), pages 2137-2144.
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