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Arterial Stiffness Assessment by Pulse Wave Velocity in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components: Is It a Useful Tool in Clinical Practice?

Author

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  • Monika Starzak

    (Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Angiology, and Physical Medicine, Specialistic Hospital No. 2 in Bytom, Batorego 15 St., 41-902 Bytom, Poland)

  • Agata Stanek

    (Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Angiology, and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego 15 St., 41-902 Bytom, Poland)

  • Grzegorz K. Jakubiak

    (Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Angiology, and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego 15 St., 41-902 Bytom, Poland)

  • Armand Cholewka

    (Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 12 St., 40-007 Katowice, Poland)

  • Grzegorz Cieślar

    (Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Angiology, and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego 15 St., 41-902 Bytom, Poland)

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is not a single disease but a cluster of metabolic disorders associated with increased risk for development of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Currently, the definition of MS published in 2009 is widely used, but there are more versions of the diagnostic criteria, making it difficult to conduct scientific discourse in this area. Increased arterial stiffness (AS) can predict the development of cardiovascular disease both in the general population and in patients with MS. Pulse wave velocity (PWV), as a standard method to assess AS, may point out subclinical organ damage in patients with hypertension. The decrease in PWV level during antihypertensive therapy can identify a group of patients with better outcomes independently of their reduction in blood pressure. The adverse effect of metabolic disturbances on arterial function can be offset by an adequate program of exercises, which includes mainly aerobic physical training. Non-insulin-based insulin resistance index can predict AS due to a strong positive correlation with PWV. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of the review of the literature concerning the relationship between MS and its components, and AS assessed by PWV, including clinical usefulness of PWV measurement in patients with MS and its components.

Suggested Citation

  • Monika Starzak & Agata Stanek & Grzegorz K. Jakubiak & Armand Cholewka & Grzegorz Cieślar, 2022. "Arterial Stiffness Assessment by Pulse Wave Velocity in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components: Is It a Useful Tool in Clinical Practice?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-14, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:16:p:10368-:d:893094
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Grzegorz K. Jakubiak & Natalia Pawlas & Grzegorz Cieślar & Agata Stanek, 2021. "Pathogenesis and Clinical Significance of In-Stent Restenosis in Patients with Diabetes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(22), pages 1-23, November.
    2. Karin B Gast & Nathanja Tjeerdema & Theo Stijnen & Johannes W A Smit & Olaf M Dekkers, 2012. "Insulin Resistance and Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Events in Adults without Diabetes: Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(12), pages 1-8, December.
    3. Maria Isabel Ruiz-Moreno & Alberto Vilches-Perez & Cristina Gallardo-Escribano & Antonio Vargas-Candela & Maria Dolores Lopez-Carmona & Luis Miguel Pérez-Belmonte & Alejandro Ruiz-Moreno & Ricardo Gom, 2020. "Metabolically Healthy Obesity: Presence of Arterial Stiffness in the Prepubescent Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-10, September.
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    1. Mikołaj Maga & Martyna Schönborn & Agnieszka Wachsmann-Maga & Agnieszka Śliwka & Jakub Krężel & Aleksandra Włodarczyk & Marta Olszewska & Roman Nowobilski, 2022. "Stimulation of the Vascular Endothelium and Angiogenesis by Blood-Flow-Restricted Exercise," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-10, November.
    2. Yuting Zhang & Yingcai Xie & Lingling Huang & Yan Zhang & Xilin Li & Qiyu Fang & Qun Wang, 2022. "Association of Sleep Duration and Self-Reported Insomnia Symptoms with Metabolic Syndrome Components among Middle-Aged and Older Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-11, September.

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