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Frailty Syndrome—Fall Risk and Rehabilitation Management Aided by Virtual Reality (VR) Technology Solutions: A Narrative Review of the Current Literature

Author

Listed:
  • Marek Zak

    (Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, The Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Zeromskiego 5, 25-369 Kielce, Poland)

  • Tomasz Sikorski

    (Doctoral School, Collegium Medicum, The Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Zeromskiego 5, 25-369 Kielce, Poland)

  • Magdalena Wasik

    (Doctoral School, Collegium Medicum, The Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Zeromskiego 5, 25-369 Kielce, Poland)

  • Daniel Courteix

    (Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France)

  • Frederic Dutheil

    (Occupational and Environmental Medicine, CHU, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
    CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France)

  • Waldemar Brola

    (Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, The Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Zeromskiego 5, 25-369 Kielce, Poland)

Abstract

Frailty, a physiological syndrome (FS) affecting primarily the older adults, manifests itself through significantly depleted bodily reserves, and appreciably higher (up to over threefold) individual exposure to fall risk. Concomitant medical conditions such as balance impairment, reduced visual acuity, limited mobility, and significantly diminished daily functional performance further exacerbate the patients’ condition. Their resultant susceptibility to frequent hospitalisations makes their prognosis even worse. This narrative review aimed to provide an overview of published studies focused on rehabilitation management approaches aided by virtual reality (VR) technology in frail older adults. The authors had it also augmented with their own, evidence-based body of experience in rehabilitation. Making use of technologically advanced exercise machinery, specially adapted for rehabilitating frail older adults, combined with a structured exercise regimen, further aided by the application of select virtual reality (VR) technology solutions, clearly proved effective. Consequently, the patients were helped to move back from the frail to the pre-frail stage, as well as had their motor and cognitive functions appreciably enhanced. The application of modern technology in rehabilitating older adults over 65, affected by FS, when specifically aided by the select VR technology solutions, was also proven to complement successfully the conventional rehabilitation management. The overall versatility of the VR technology solutions, e.g., adaptation for home use allowing remote supervision, also makes this novel approach to rehabilitation far more appealing to the patients. They find it both very attractive and far more mentally engaging. Its considerable potential lies mostly in being appreciably more effective in bringing in desirable therapeutic outcomes.

Suggested Citation

  • Marek Zak & Tomasz Sikorski & Magdalena Wasik & Daniel Courteix & Frederic Dutheil & Waldemar Brola, 2022. "Frailty Syndrome—Fall Risk and Rehabilitation Management Aided by Virtual Reality (VR) Technology Solutions: A Narrative Review of the Current Literature," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-12, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:5:p:2985-:d:763753
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Grzegorz K. Jakubiak & Natalia Pawlas & Grzegorz Cieślar & Agata Stanek, 2021. "Pathogenesis and Clinical Significance of In-Stent Restenosis in Patients with Diabetes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(22), pages 1-23, November.
    2. Payom Thinuan & Penprapa Siviroj & Peerasak Lerttrakarnnon & Thaworn Lorga, 2020. "Prevalence and Potential Predictors of Frailty among Community-Dwelling Older Persons in Northern Thailand: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-13, June.
    3. Grzegorz K. Jakubiak & Natalia Pawlas & Grzegorz Cieślar & Agata Stanek, 2020. "Chronic Lower Extremity Ischemia and Its Association with the Frailty Syndrome in Patients with Diabetes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-17, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Eduarda Oliosi & Federico Guede-Fernández & Ana Londral, 2022. "Machine Learning Approaches for the Frailty Screening: A Narrative Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-11, July.
    2. Marios Spanakis & Ioanna Xylouri & Evridiki Patelarou & Athina Patelarou, 2022. "A Literature Review of High-Tech Physiotherapy Interventions in the Elderly with Neurological Disorders," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-18, July.
    3. Marek Zak & Marta Makara-Studzińska & Agnieszka Mesterhazy & Jacek Mesterhazy & Paweł Jagielski & Aneta Januszko-Szakiel & Tomasz Sikorski & Piotr Jaworski & Renata Miszczuk & Waldemar Brola, 2022. "Validation of FES-I and Short FES-I Scales in the Polish Setting as the Research Tools of Choice to Identify the Fear of Falling in Older Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-9, December.

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