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Does Arch Stiffness Influence Running Spatiotemporal Parameters? An Analysis of the Relationship between Influencing Factors on Running Performance

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  • Felipe García-Pinillos

    (Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, 18010 Granada, Spain
    Department of Physical Education, Sports and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, 1145 Temuco, Chile)

  • Diego Jaén-Carrillo

    (Campus Universitario, Universidad San Jorge, 50830 Villanueva de Gállego Zaragoza, Spain)

  • Pedro Ángel Latorre-Román

    (Department of Corporal Expression, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaén, Spain)

  • Carles Escalona-Marfil

    (Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Central de Cataluña, 08500 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Víctor M. Soto-Hermoso

    (Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, 18010 Granada, Spain
    Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), 18007 Granada, Spain)

  • Carlos Lago-Fuentes

    (Department of Education, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, 24560 Campeche, Mexico
    Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, 39011 Santander, Spain)

  • Silvia Pueyo-Villa

    (Department of Languages and Education, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, 39011 Santander, Spain)

  • Irma Domínguez-Azpíroz

    (Department of Education, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, 24560 Campeche, Mexico
    Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, 39011 Santander, Spain)

  • Luis E. Roche-Seruendo

    (Campus Universitario, Universidad San Jorge, 50830 Villanueva de Gállego Zaragoza, Spain)

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the influence of arch stiffness on running spatiotemporal parameters at a common speed for a wide range of endurance runners (i.e., 12 km·h −1 ). In total, 97 runners, 52 men and 45 women, completed a treadmill running protocol at 12 km·h −1 . Spatiotemporal parameters were measured using the OptoGait system, and foot structure was assessed by determining arch stiffness. Since between-sex differences were found in anthropometric and foot structure variables, data analysis was conducted separately for men and women, and body mass and height were considered as covariates. For both sexes, a k-means cluster analysis grouped participants according to arch stiffness, by obtaining a group of low-arch stiffness (LAS group) and a group of high-arch stiffness (HAS group), with significant differences in arch stiffness ( p < 0.001, for both men and women). No significant differences between LAS and HAS groups were found in running spatiotemporal parameters, regardless of sex ( p ≥ 0.05). For both sexes, the partial correlation analysis reported no significant correlations ( p ≥ 0.05) between foot structure variables and running spatiotemporal parameters. The results obtained show no differences in spatiotemporal gait characteristics during running at submaximal velocity between runners with low-arch stiffness and those with high-arch stiffness, regardless of sex. These findings may have important implications for clinicians and coaches by adding more evidence to the debate about the use of static foot classification measures when characterizing the foot and its biomechanics during running.

Suggested Citation

  • Felipe García-Pinillos & Diego Jaén-Carrillo & Pedro Ángel Latorre-Román & Carles Escalona-Marfil & Víctor M. Soto-Hermoso & Carlos Lago-Fuentes & Silvia Pueyo-Villa & Irma Domínguez-Azpíroz & Luis E., 2021. "Does Arch Stiffness Influence Running Spatiotemporal Parameters? An Analysis of the Relationship between Influencing Factors on Running Performance," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-9, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:5:p:2437-:d:508892
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Daniel E. Lieberman & Madhusudhan Venkadesan & William A. Werbel & Adam I. Daoud & Susan D’Andrea & Irene S. Davis & Robert Ojiambo Mang’Eni & Yannis Pitsiladis, 2010. "Foot strike patterns and collision forces in habitually barefoot versus shod runners," Nature, Nature, vol. 463(7280), pages 531-535, January.
    2. Xuanzhen Cen & Datao Xu & Julien S. Baker & Yaodong Gu, 2020. "Association of Arch Stiffness with Plantar Impulse Distribution during Walking, Running, and Gait Termination," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-10, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Tong-Hsien Chow & Chin-Chia Hsu, 2022. "Elite Tennis Players Experiencing High-Arched Supination and Cuboids Dropped Foot Syndromes in Daily Normal Gait," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-13, July.
    2. Beata Szczepanowska-Wołowiec & Paulina Sztandera & Ireneusz Kotela & Marek Zak, 2021. "Assessment of the Foot’s Longitudinal Arch by Different Indicators and Their Correlation with the Foot Loading Paradigm in School-Aged Children: A Cross Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-11, May.

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