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Will the Foot Strike Pattern Change at Different Running Speeds with or without Wearing Shoes?

Author

Listed:
  • Ying-Jen Lai

    (Department of Sports Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
    The first two authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Willy Chou

    (Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan
    Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
    The first two authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • I-Hua Chu

    (Department of Sports Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan)

  • Yu-Lin Wang

    (Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan)

  • Yi-Jing Lin

    (Department of Sports Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan)

  • Shihfan Jack Tu

    (Department of Sports Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan)

  • Lan-Yuen Guo

    (Department of Sports Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
    Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
    Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan)

Abstract

Runners strike their feet with three different patterns during running: forefoot, midfoot, and rearfoot. This study aimed to investigate whether runners maintain consistent patterns while running speed and foot condition change. The foot strike patterns of runners when running on a treadmill at paces ranging from slow to fast were recorded from twenty healthy male regular runners, with and without shoes, in random order. A high-speed camera was used to observe the strike patterns, which were then categorized by an experienced physical therapist. Linear-log and Pearson chi-square analysis with a significance level of α = 0.05 was performed to examine the correlation between foot strike pattern, running speed, and shoe conditions. The results suggest that runners strike with different patterns when running with and without shoes (χ 2 = 99.07, p < 0.01); runners preferred to adopt heel strike regardless of running speeds when running with shoes. While running barefoot, only 23.8% of landing strikes were rearfoot, and the strike pattern distribution did not change significantly with the running speed (χ 2 = 2.26, p = 0.89). In summary, the foot strike preference of runners is correlated with the foot condition (barefoot or shod) rather than running speed. For runners who intend to change their strike patterns for any reason, we recommend that they consider adjusting their footwear, which may naturally help with the foot strike adjustment. Future studies should attempt to use advanced techniques to observe further foot biomechanics in order to discover if changing strike pattern is directly correlated with lower limb injuries.

Suggested Citation

  • Ying-Jen Lai & Willy Chou & I-Hua Chu & Yu-Lin Wang & Yi-Jing Lin & Shihfan Jack Tu & Lan-Yuen Guo, 2020. "Will the Foot Strike Pattern Change at Different Running Speeds with or without Wearing Shoes?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-9, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:17:p:6044-:d:401339
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Daniel E. Lieberman & Madhusudhan Venkadesan & William A. Werbel & Adam I. Daoud & Susan D’Andrea & Irene S. Davis & Robert Ojiambo Mang’Eni & Yannis Pitsiladis, 2010. "Foot strike patterns and collision forces in habitually barefoot versus shod runners," Nature, Nature, vol. 463(7280), pages 531-535, January.
    2. Hendrik Mugele & Ashley Plummer & Omar Baritello & Maggie Towe & Pia Brecht & Frank Mayer, 2018. "Accuracy of training recommendations based on a treadmill multistage incremental exercise test," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(10), pages 1-12, October.
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