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Effectiveness of a Three-Week Inpatient Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program for Patients after COVID-19: A Prospective Observational Study

Author

Listed:
  • Markus C. Hayden

    (Bad Reichenhall Clinic, Centre for Rehabilitation, Pulmonology and Orthopedics, 83435 Bad Reichenhall, Germany
    These authors contributed equally to the manuscript.)

  • Matthias Limbach

    (Bad Reichenhall Clinic, Centre for Rehabilitation, Pulmonology and Orthopedics, 83435 Bad Reichenhall, Germany
    These authors contributed equally to the manuscript.)

  • Michael Schuler

    (Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
    University of Applied Science, hs Gesundheit Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany)

  • Steffen Merkl

    (Bad Reichenhall Clinic, Centre for Rehabilitation, Pulmonology and Orthopedics, 83435 Bad Reichenhall, Germany)

  • Gabriele Schwarzl

    (Bad Reichenhall Clinic, Centre for Rehabilitation, Pulmonology and Orthopedics, 83435 Bad Reichenhall, Germany)

  • Katalin Jakab

    (Bad Reichenhall Clinic, Centre for Rehabilitation, Pulmonology and Orthopedics, 83435 Bad Reichenhall, Germany)

  • Dennis Nowak

    (Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC), German Center for Lung for Lung Research (DZL), Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Clinic of the University of Munich, 80336 München, Germany)

  • Konrad Schultz

    (Bad Reichenhall Clinic, Centre for Rehabilitation, Pulmonology and Orthopedics, 83435 Bad Reichenhall, Germany)

Abstract

For COVID-19 patients who remain symptomatic after the acute phase, pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is recommended. However, only a few studies have investigated the effectiveness of PR, especially considering the duration between the acute phase of COVID-19 and the onset of rehabilitation, as well as the initial severity. This prospective observational study evaluated the efficacy of PR in patients after COVID-19. A total of 120 still-symptomatic patients referred for PR after overcoming acute COVID-19 were asked to participate, of whom 108 (mean age 55.6 ± 10.1 years, 45.4% female) consented. The patients were assigned to three groups according to the time of referral and initial disease severity (severe acute; severe after interval; mild after interval). The primary outcome was dyspnea. Secondary outcomes included other respiratory disease symptoms, physical capacity, lung function, fatigue, quality of life (QoL), depression, and anxiety. Furthermore, patients rated the overall effectiveness of PR and their subjective change in health status. At the end of PR, we detected improvements with large effect sizes in exertional dyspnea, physical capacity, QoL, fatigue, and depression in the overall group. Other parameters changed with small to medium effect sizes. PR was effective after acute COVID-19 in all three groups analyzed.

Suggested Citation

  • Markus C. Hayden & Matthias Limbach & Michael Schuler & Steffen Merkl & Gabriele Schwarzl & Katalin Jakab & Dennis Nowak & Konrad Schultz, 2021. "Effectiveness of a Three-Week Inpatient Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program for Patients after COVID-19: A Prospective Observational Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-22, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:17:p:9001-:d:622692
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Marc Spielmanns & Anna-Maria Pekacka-Egli & Sabine Schoendorf & Wolfram Windisch & Matthias Hermann, 2021. "Effects of a Comprehensive Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Severe Post-COVID-19 Patients," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-13, March.
    2. Atanu Sengupta & Sanjoy De, 2020. "Review of Literature," India Studies in Business and Economics, in: Assessing Performance of Banks in India Fifty Years After Nationalization, chapter 0, pages 15-30, Springer.
    3. Knut Stavem & Waleed Ghanima & Magnus K. Olsen & Hanne M. Gilboe & Gunnar Einvik, 2021. "Prevalence and Determinants of Fatigue after COVID-19 in Non-Hospitalized Subjects: A Population-Based Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-11, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Sandra P. Morgan & Constance Visovsky & Bini Thomas & Aimee B. Klein, 2024. "Respiratory Muscle Strength Training in Patients Post-COVID-19: A Systematic Review," Clinical Nursing Research, , vol. 33(1), pages 60-69, January.
    2. Katsuhiko Suzuki & Amir Hossein Ahmadi Hekmatikar & Shadi Jalalian & Shaghayegh Abbasi & Elmira Ahmadi & Abdolreza Kazemi & Ruheea Taskin Ruhee & Kayvan Khoramipour, 2022. "The Potential of Exerkines in Women’s COVID-19: A New Idea for a Better and More Accurate Understanding of the Mechanisms behind Physical Exercise," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-21, November.
    3. Katrin Müller & Iris Poppele & Marcel Ottiger & Katharina Zwingmann & Ivo Berger & Andreas Thomas & Alois Wastlhuber & Franziska Ortwein & Anna-Lena Schultz & Anna Weghofer & Eva Wilhelm & Rainer-Chri, 2023. "Impact of Rehabilitation on Physical and Neuropsychological Health of Patients Who Acquired COVID-19 in the Workplace," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-21, January.
    4. Mélina Bailly & Léna Pélissier & Emmanuel Coudeyre & Bertrand Evrard & Rea Bingula & Corinne Rochette & Laurent Mériade & Christelle Blavignac & Anne-Cécile Fournier & Yves-Jean Bignon & Fabrice Ranno, 2022. "Systematic Review of COVID-19-Related Physical Activity-Based Rehabilitations: Benefits to Be Confirmed by More Robust Methodological Approaches," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-17, July.
    5. Joht Singh Chandan & Kirsty R. Brown & Nikita Simms-Williams & Nasir Z. Bashir & Jenny Camaradou & Dominic Heining & Grace M. Turner & Samantha Cruz Rivera & Richard Hotham & Sonica Minhas & Krishnara, 2023. "Non-Pharmacological Therapies for Post-Viral Syndromes, Including Long COVID: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-21, February.

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