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Immigration and Gender as Social Determinants of Mental Health during the COVID-19 Outbreak: The Case of US Latina/os

Author

Listed:
  • Barbara Gomez-Aguinaga

    (School of Public Administration, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA)

  • Melanie Sayuri Dominguez

    (Department of Political Science, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA)

  • Sylvia Manzano

    (BSP Research, Agoura Hills, CA 91301, USA)

Abstract

While men and women make up a similar number of COVID-19 cases, and are equally likely to know someone who has become ill due to the virus, the gendered and systemic implications of immigration during public health emergencies among minority groups in the United States are empirically underexplored. Using the SOMOS COVID-19 Crisis National Latino Survey, we conduct a series of intersectional analyses to understand the extent to which personal experiences with COVID-19, gendered structural factors, and spillover effects of US immigration policies impact the mental health of US Latina/os during a public health emergency. The results show that among Latinas, knowing an undocumented immigrant and someone ill with COVID-19 increases the probability of reporting worse mental outcomes by 52 percent. Furthermore, being a woman increases the probability of reporting the highest level of mental health problems by 30 percent among Hispanic people who know someone with COVID-19 and an undocumented immigrant. These findings indicate that the effects of the COVID-19 outbreak among US Latinas and Latinos are entrenched in gendered and systemic inequalities.

Suggested Citation

  • Barbara Gomez-Aguinaga & Melanie Sayuri Dominguez & Sylvia Manzano, 2021. "Immigration and Gender as Social Determinants of Mental Health during the COVID-19 Outbreak: The Case of US Latina/os," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-14, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:11:p:6065-:d:568944
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chin-Hsien Hsu & Hsiao-Hsien Lin & Chun-Chih Wang & Shangwun Jhang, 2020. "How to Defend COVID-19 in Taiwan? Talk about People’s Disease Awareness, Attitudes, Behaviors and the Impact of Physical and Mental Health," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-23, June.
    2. Evans, Clare R. & Williams, David R. & Onnela, Jukka-Pekka & Subramanian, S.V., 2018. "A multilevel approach to modeling health inequalities at the intersection of multiple social identities," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 64-73.
    3. Noh, S. & Kaspar, V. & Wickrama, K.A.S., 2007. "Overt and subtle racial discrimination and mental health: Preliminary findings for Korean immigrants," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 97(7), pages 1269-1274.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ana Gama & João Victor Rocha & Maria J. Marques & Sofia Azeredo-Lopes & Ana Rita Pedro & Sónia Dias, 2022. "How Did the COVID-19 Pandemic Affect Migrant Populations in Lisbon, Portugal? A Study on Perceived Effects on Health and Economic Condition," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-10, February.
    2. Thomas Jamieson & Dakota Caldwell & Barbara Gomez-Aguinaga & Cristián Doña-Reveco, 2021. "Race, Ethnicity, Nativity and Perceptions of Health Risk during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the US," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-18, October.
    3. Barbara Gomez-Aguinaga & Ana L. Oaxaca & Matt A. Barreto & Gabriel R. Sanchez, 2021. "Spanish-Language News Consumption and Latino Reactions to COVID-19," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-15, September.

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