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Frenetic, under-Challenged, and Worn-out Burnout Subtypes among Brazilian Primary Care Personnel: Validation of the Brazilian “Burnout Clinical Subtype Questionnaire” (BCSQ-36/BCSQ-12)

Author

Listed:
  • Marcelo Demarzo

    (Mente Aberta-Brazilian Center for Mindfulness and Health Promotion, Department of Preventive Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 13565-905 São Paulo, Brazil
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Javier García-Campayo

    (Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network (RedIAPP), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Miguel Servet Hospital and University of Zaragoza, RedIAPP, Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain)

  • David Martínez-Rubio

    (Excellence Research Network PROMOSAM (PSI2014-56303-REDT), 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Psicoforma Integral Psychology Center, 46001 Valencia, Spain)

  • Adrián Pérez-Aranda

    (Teaching, Research & Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 St. Boi de Llobregat, Spain
    Faculty of Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), 08193 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Joao Luiz Miraglia

    (Mente Aberta-Brazilian Center for Mindfulness and Health Promotion, Department of Preventive Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 13565-905 São Paulo, Brazil)

  • Marcio Sussumu Hirayama

    (Mente Aberta-Brazilian Center for Mindfulness and Health Promotion, Department of Preventive Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 13565-905 São Paulo, Brazil)

  • Vera Morais Antonio de Salvo

    (Mente Aberta-Brazilian Center for Mindfulness and Health Promotion, Department of Preventive Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 13565-905 São Paulo, Brazil)

  • Karen Cicuto

    (Mente Aberta-Brazilian Center for Mindfulness and Health Promotion, Department of Preventive Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 13565-905 São Paulo, Brazil)

  • Maria Lucia Favarato

    (Mente Aberta-Brazilian Center for Mindfulness and Health Promotion, Department of Preventive Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 13565-905 São Paulo, Brazil)

  • Vinicius Terra

    (Mente Aberta-Brazilian Center for Mindfulness and Health Promotion, Department of Preventive Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 13565-905 São Paulo, Brazil)

  • Marcelo Batista de Oliveira

    (Mente Aberta-Brazilian Center for Mindfulness and Health Promotion, Department of Preventive Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 13565-905 São Paulo, Brazil)

  • Mauro García-Toro

    (Department of Psychology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Mallorca, Spain)

  • Marta Modrego-Alarcón

    (Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network (RedIAPP), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain)

  • Jesús Montero-Marín

    (Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

Abstract

Primary healthcare personnel show high levels of burnout. A new model of burnout has been developed to distinguish three subtypes: frenetic, under-challenged, and worn-out, which are characterized as overwhelmed, under-stimulated, and disengaged at work, respectively. The aim of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the long/short Brazilian versions of the “Burnout Clinical Subtypes Questionnaire” (BCSQ-36/BCSQ-12) among Brazilian primary healthcare staff and its possible associations with other psychological health-related outcomes. An online cross-sectional study conducted among 407 Brazilian primary healthcare personnel was developed. Participants answered a Brazil-specific survey including the BCSQ-36/BCSQ-12, “Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey”, “Utrecht Work Engagement Scale”, “Hospital Anxiety/Depression Scale”, “Positive-Negative Affect Schedule”, and a Visual Analogue Scale of guilt at work. The bifactor was the model with the best fit to the data using the BCSQ-36, which allowed a general factor for each subtype. The three-correlated factors model fit better to the BCSQ-12. Internal consistence was appropriate, and the convergence between the long-short versions was high. The pattern of relationships between the burnout subtypes and the psychological outcomes suggested a progressive deterioration from the frenetic to the under-challenged and worn-out. In sum, the Brazilian BCSQ-36/BCSQ-12 showed appropriate psychometrics to be used in primary healthcare personnel.

Suggested Citation

  • Marcelo Demarzo & Javier García-Campayo & David Martínez-Rubio & Adrián Pérez-Aranda & Joao Luiz Miraglia & Marcio Sussumu Hirayama & Vera Morais Antonio de Salvo & Karen Cicuto & Maria Lucia Favarato, 2020. "Frenetic, under-Challenged, and Worn-out Burnout Subtypes among Brazilian Primary Care Personnel: Validation of the Brazilian “Burnout Clinical Subtype Questionnaire” (BCSQ-36/BCSQ-12)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-24, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:3:p:1081-:d:318136
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yanwei Ding & Jianwei Qu & Xiaosong Yu & Shuang Wang, 2014. "The Mediating Effects of Burnout on the Relationship between Anxiety Symptoms and Occupational Stress among Community Healthcare Workers in China: A Cross-Sectional Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(9), pages 1-7, September.
    2. Jesus Montero-Marin & Fernando Zubiaga & Maria Cereceda & Marcelo Marcos Piva Demarzo & Patricia Trenc & Javier Garcia-Campayo, 2016. "Burnout Subtypes and Absence of Self-Compassion in Primary Healthcare Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(6), pages 1-17, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Sergio Edú-Valsania & Ana Laguía & Juan A. Moriano, 2022. "Burnout: A Review of Theory and Measurement," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-27, February.

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