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Preliminary Trajectories in Dietary Behaviors during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Public Health Call to Action to Face Obesity

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  • Roberta Zupo

    (Population Health Unit “Salus in Apulia Study”—National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy)

  • Fabio Castellana

    (Population Health Unit “Salus in Apulia Study”—National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy)

  • Rodolfo Sardone

    (Population Health Unit “Salus in Apulia Study”—National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy)

  • Annamaria Sila

    (Population Health Unit “Salus in Apulia Study”—National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy)

  • Vito Angelo Giagulli

    (Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine—Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy)

  • Vincenzo Triggiani

    (Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Disease, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy)

  • Raffaele Ivan Cincione

    (Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy)

  • Gianluigi Giannelli

    (Scientific Direction, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy)

  • Giovanni De Pergola

    (Population Health Unit “Salus in Apulia Study”—National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy
    Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari, School of Medicine, Policlinico, 70121 Bari, Italy)

Abstract

The world is currently struggling to face the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19), and many countries have imposed lockdowns and recommended quarantine to limit both the spread of the virus and overwhelming demands for medical care. Direct implications include the disruption of work routines, boredom, depression, increased calorie consumption, and other similar harmful effects. The present narrative review article briefly analyzes the preliminary effects of the quarantine lifestyle from the standpoint of dietary habits. In six different databases, we searched for original articles up to 10 August 2020, assessing eating habits among populations during the COVID-19 pandemic, and recorded any change in the intake of major food categories, as well as changes in body weight. The research strategy yielded 364 articles, from which we selected 12 articles that fitted our goal. Our preliminary findings revealed a sharp rise of carbohydrates sources consumption, especially those with a high glycemic index (i.e., homemade pizza, bread, cake, and pastries), as well as more frequent snacks. A high consumption of fruits and vegetables, and protein sources, particularly pulses, was also recorded, although there was no clear peak of increase in the latter. Data concerning the consumption of junk foods lacked consistency, while there was a decreased alcohol intake and fresh fish/seafood consumption. As a possible connection, people gained body weight. Therefore, in the realistic perspective of a continuing global health emergency situation, timely preventive measures are needed to counteract obesity-related behaviors in the long-term, so as to prevent further health complications.

Suggested Citation

  • Roberta Zupo & Fabio Castellana & Rodolfo Sardone & Annamaria Sila & Vito Angelo Giagulli & Vincenzo Triggiani & Raffaele Ivan Cincione & Gianluigi Giannelli & Giovanni De Pergola, 2020. "Preliminary Trajectories in Dietary Behaviors during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Public Health Call to Action to Face Obesity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-15, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:19:p:7073-:d:420585
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Xiuqiang Wang & Si Man Lei & Shenglong Le & Yanxiang Yang & Boyi Zhang & Wu Yao & Zan Gao & Sulin Cheng, 2020. "Bidirectional Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdowns on Health Behaviors and Quality of Life among Chinese Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-17, August.
    2. Daniela Reyes-Olavarría & Pedro Ángel Latorre-Román & Iris Paola Guzmán-Guzmán & Daniel Jerez-Mayorga & Felipe Caamaño-Navarrete & Pedro Delgado-Floody, 2020. "Positive and Negative Changes in Food Habits, Physical Activity Patterns, and Weight Status during COVID-19 Confinement: Associated Factors in the Chilean Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-14, July.
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    10. Nisreen M. Abdulsalam & Najla A. Khateeb & Sarah S. Aljerbi & Waad M. Alqumayzi & Shaima S. Balubaid & Atheer A. Almarghlani & Amira A. Ayad & Leonard L. Williams, 2021. "Assessment of Dietary Habits and Physical Activity Changes during the Full COVID-19 Curfew Period and Its Effect on Weight among Adults in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-13, August.
    11. Corinne E. Gautreaux & Kristen S. Smith & Luke Dolan & Michael B. Marlin & Michael W. Greene & Josh R. Novak & Andrew D. Frugé, 2022. "Early Pandemic Improvements in Diet Quality Are Associated with Increased Physical Activity and Weight Loss in US Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-9, July.
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