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Effect of Sex on the Association Between Nonmedical Use of Opioids and Sleep Disturbance Among Chinese Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Listed:
  • Di Xiao

    (Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
    International Centre for Reproductive Health (ICRH), Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium
    Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China)

  • Lan Guo

    (Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China)

  • Meijun Zhao

    (Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China)

  • Sheng Zhang

    (Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China)

  • Wenyan Li

    (Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China)

  • Wei-Hong Zhang

    (International Centre for Reproductive Health (ICRH), Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium
    Research Laboratory for Human Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Ciyong Lu

    (Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
    Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

Abstract

Sleep disturbance and non-medical prescription opioid use (NMPOU) are currently growing public health concerns, and sex differences may result in differential exposure to frequency of NMPOU or sleep disturbance. This study aimed to explore the association between the frequency of lifetime or past-year NMPOU and sleep disturbance and to evaluate whether there was any sex difference in this association among Chinese adolescents. A cross-sectional study was performed in seven randomly selected Chinese provinces through the 2015 School-Based Chinese Adolescents Health Survey. A total of 159,640 adolescents were invited to participate and among them, 148,687 adolescents’ questionnaires were completed and qualified for this study (response rate: 93.14%). All analyses were performed for boys and girls separately. There were significant sex differences in the prevalence of lifetime or past-year opioid misuse and sleep disturbance ( p < 0.05). Among girls, frequent lifetime NMPOU (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.80–2.44) and past-year NMPOU (aOR = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.68–2.77) were positively associated with sleep disturbance. Among boys, these associations were also statistically significant, while the magnitudes of associations between frequent lifetime NMPOU or past-year NMPOU and sleep disturbance were greater in girls than those in boys. There is a significant sex difference in the prevalence of lifetime or past-year NMPOU and sleep disturbance. Furthermore, exposure to more frequent lifetime or past-year NMPOU is associated with a greater risk of sleep disturbance, especially among girls. Taking into account the sex difference for lifetime or past-year NMPOU may help to decrease the risk of sleep disturbance.

Suggested Citation

  • Di Xiao & Lan Guo & Meijun Zhao & Sheng Zhang & Wenyan Li & Wei-Hong Zhang & Ciyong Lu, 2019. "Effect of Sex on the Association Between Nonmedical Use of Opioids and Sleep Disturbance Among Chinese Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-12, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:22:p:4339-:d:284446
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ying Zhou & Lan Guo & Ci-yong Lu & Jian-xiong Deng & Yuan He & Jing-hui Huang & Guo-liang Huang & Xue-qing Deng & Xue Gao, 2015. "Bullying as a Risk for Poor Sleep Quality among High School Students in China," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(3), pages 1-14, March.
    2. Jiewen Yang & Yangfeng Guo & Xueying Du & Yi Jiang & Wanxin Wang & Di Xiao & Tian Wang & Ciyong Lu & Lan Guo, 2018. "Association between Problematic Internet Use and Sleep Disturbance among Adolescents: The Role of the Child’s Sex," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-9, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Lorraine Greaves, 2020. "Missing in Action: Sex and Gender in Substance Use Research," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-7, March.

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