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Adverse Childhood Experiences and Hospital-Treated Self-Harm

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  • Seonaid Cleare

    (Suicidal Behaviour Research Laboratory, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Gartnavel Royal Hospital, 1055 Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0XH, UK)

  • Karen Wetherall

    (Suicidal Behaviour Research Laboratory, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Gartnavel Royal Hospital, 1055 Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0XH, UK)

  • Andrea Clark

    (Suicidal Behaviour Research Laboratory, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Gartnavel Royal Hospital, 1055 Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0XH, UK)

  • Caoimhe Ryan

    (School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, South St, St Andrews KY16 9JP, UK)

  • Olivia J. Kirtley

    (Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium)

  • Michael Smith

    (NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Commonwealth House, 32 Albion Street, Glasgow G1 1LH, UK)

  • Rory C. O’Connor

    (Suicidal Behaviour Research Laboratory, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Gartnavel Royal Hospital, 1055 Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0XH, UK)

Abstract

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been implicated in a range of negative health outcomes in adulthood, including increased suicide mortality. In this study, we explored the relationship between ACEs and hospital-treated self-harm. Specifically, we investigated whether those who had a history of repeat self-harm reported more ACEs than those who had self-harmed for the first time. Patients ( n = 189) admitted to two hospitals in Glasgow (UK) following first-time ( n = 41) or repeated ( n = 148) self-harm completed psychosocial measures. Univariate analyses revealed that those presenting with repeat self-harm reported higher depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, intent to die, and ACEs, and lower dependent attachment style. However, only ACEs, along with female gender and depressive symptoms, significantly differentiated between the repeat self-harm group and the first-time self-harm group in the multivariate model. Controlling for all other psychosocial variables, participants who reported 4+ ACEs were significantly more likely to be in the repeat self-harm group as compared to those who experienced 0–3 ACEs. This finding highlights the pernicious effect of exposure to multiple ACEs. Further research is urgently required to better understand the mechanisms that explain this relationship. Clinicians should be aware of the extent of the association between ACEs and repeat self-harm.

Suggested Citation

  • Seonaid Cleare & Karen Wetherall & Andrea Clark & Caoimhe Ryan & Olivia J. Kirtley & Michael Smith & Rory C. O’Connor, 2018. "Adverse Childhood Experiences and Hospital-Treated Self-Harm," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-13, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:6:p:1235-:d:151907
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Robert Carroll & Chris Metcalfe & David Gunnell, 2014. "Hospital Presenting Self-Harm and Risk of Fatal and Non-Fatal Repetition: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(2), pages 1-9, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Emma Ashworth & Ian Jarman & Philippa McCabe & Molly McCarthy & Serena Provazza & Vivienne Crosbie & Zara Quigg & Pooja Saini, 2023. "Suicidal Crisis among Children and Young People: Associations with Adverse Childhood Experiences and Socio-Demographic Factors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-13, January.
    2. Anikó Ujhelyi Nagy & Ildikó Kuritár Szabó & Endre Hann & Karolina Kósa, 2019. "Measuring the Prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences by Survey Research Methods," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-17, March.
    3. Louise Brådvik, 2018. "Suicide Risk and Mental Disorders," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-4, September.

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