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Heavy Environmental Pressure in Campania and Other Italian Regions: A Short Review of Available Evidence

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  • Alfredo Mazza

    (General Hospital Sarno, Local Health Authority ASL SA, 84087 Sarno (Salerno), Italy
    National Research Council (CNR), ISC, 00185 Rome, Italy)

  • Prisco Piscitelli

    (Southern Italy Medical Institute (IOS), Medicina Futura Research, 80100 Naples, Italy
    Euro Mediterranean Scientific Biomedical Institute, 72100 Brindisi, Italy)

  • Andrea Falco

    (Southern Italy Medical Institute (IOS), Medicina Futura Research, 80100 Naples, Italy
    Euro Mediterranean Scientific Biomedical Institute, 72100 Brindisi, Italy)

  • Maria Lucia Santoro

    (Euro Mediterranean Scientific Biomedical Institute, 72100 Brindisi, Italy)

  • Manuela Colangelo

    (Euro Mediterranean Scientific Biomedical Institute, 72100 Brindisi, Italy)

  • Giovanni Imbriani

    (Euro Mediterranean Scientific Biomedical Institute, 72100 Brindisi, Italy)

  • Adele Idolo

    (Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy)

  • Antonella De Donno

    (Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy)

  • Leopoldo Iannuzzi

    (National Research Council (CNR), ISPAAM, 80100 Naples, Italy)

  • Annamaria Colao

    (School of Medicine, University “Federico II”, 80100 Naples, Italy)

Abstract

The area of Naples and Campania region, in Italy, are experiencing the dramatic consequences of diffuse and illegal waste dumping, resulting in possible threats to human health. This area has been referred to as the “Land of Fires” because of the common practice of waste burning. International interest in the Campania “waste emergency” has triggered several epidemiological studies. This article is aimed at highlighting the body of evidence available concerning human and environmental contamination in the Campania region, and considers the possible lack of comparable knowledge about the situation in other areas suffering from high environmental pollution. We analyzed the results of studies addressing environmental pollution and population health in the Campania region, starting from the most recent reviews on this topic, and compared their findings with those concerning other regions. We reviewed 18 studies of epidemiological/cancer surveillance and human or animal biomonitoring. These studies show worrying results, which could be considered comparable to those available for other Italian areas impacted by heavy industrial activities. The release of environmental contaminants associated with waste incineration and waste disposal in landfills poses a risk to public health, as shown by a number of studies (although not conclusively). The current knowledge available for the Campania region is better than that available for other areas which are facing similar problems due to anthropic activities, including illegal waste trafficking. Thus, Naples and Campania could represent a valuable setting to develop general models for studies of environmental and human contamination.

Suggested Citation

  • Alfredo Mazza & Prisco Piscitelli & Andrea Falco & Maria Lucia Santoro & Manuela Colangelo & Giovanni Imbriani & Adele Idolo & Antonella De Donno & Leopoldo Iannuzzi & Annamaria Colao, 2018. "Heavy Environmental Pressure in Campania and Other Italian Regions: A Short Review of Available Evidence," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:1:p:105-:d:126212
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gaetano Rivezzi & Prisco Piscitelli & Giampiero Scortichini & Armando Giovannini & Gianfranco Diletti & Giacomo Migliorati & Roberta Ceci & Giulia Rivezzi & Lorenzo Cirasino & Pietro Carideo & Dennis , 2013. "A General Model of Dioxin Contamination in Breast Milk: Results from a Study on 94 Women from the Caserta and Naples Areas in Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-18, November.
    2. Alfredo Mazza & Prisco Piscitelli & Cosimo Neglia & Giulia Della Rosa & Leopoldo Iannuzzi, 2015. "Illegal Dumping of Toxic Waste and Its Effect on Human Health in Campania, Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-14, June.
    3. Maria Triassi & Rossella Alfano & Maddalena Illario & Antonio Nardone & Oreste Caporale & Paolo Montuori, 2015. "Environmental Pollution from Illegal Waste Disposal and Health Effects: A Review on the “Triangle of Death”," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-21, January.
    4. Amalia Mattiello & Paolo Chiodini & Elvira Bianco & Nunzia Forgione & Incoronata Flammia & Ciro Gallo & Renato Pizzuti & Salvatore Panico, 2013. "Health effects associated with the disposal of solid waste in landfills and incinerators in populations living in surrounding areas: a systematic review," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 58(5), pages 725-735, October.
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