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Analysis of Heavy Metal Sources in the Soil of Riverbanks Across an Urbanization Gradient

Author

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  • Shudi Zuo

    (Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jimei Avenue 1799, Xiamen 361021, China
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China)

  • Shaoqing Dai

    (Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jimei Avenue 1799, Xiamen 361021, China
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China)

  • Yaying Li

    (Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China)

  • Jianfeng Tang

    (Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China)

  • Yin Ren

    (Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jimei Avenue 1799, Xiamen 361021, China
    Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China)

Abstract

Regional soil quality issues arising from rapid urbanization have received extensive attention. The riverbank that runs through a city is representative of urbanization gradient transformation. Thirty soil samples in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration were collected and analyzed for the concentrations of seven analytes. Correlation, principle component analysis, cluster analysis and GeoDetector models suggested that the four groups (Cr-Ni-Cu, Cu-Zn-As-Sb, Cd and Pb) shared the same sources in the core urban region; five groups (Cr-Ni-Cu-Zn, As, Cd, Sb and Pb) in the suburbs and three groups (Cr-Ni, Cu-Zn-Cd-Sb-Pb and As) in the exurbs. GeoDetector methods not only validated the results of the three other methods, but also provided more possible impact factors. Besides the direct influences, the interaction effects among factors were quantified. Interactive combination with strong nonlinear increment changed from between-two-weak factors in the central region to between-strong-and-weak factors in the suburbs. In the exurbs, the stronger interaction effects were observed between strong and weak factors. Therefore, the GeoDetector model, which provided more detailed information of artificial sources could be used as a tool for identifying the potential factors of toxic elements and offering scientific basis for the development of subsequent pollution reduction strategies.

Suggested Citation

  • Shudi Zuo & Shaoqing Dai & Yaying Li & Jianfeng Tang & Yin Ren, 2018. "Analysis of Heavy Metal Sources in the Soil of Riverbanks Across an Urbanization Gradient," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-23, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:10:p:2175-:d:173719
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bifeng Hu & Ruiying Zhao & Songchao Chen & Yue Zhou & Bin Jin & Yan Li & Zhou Shi, 2018. "Heavy Metal Pollution Delineation Based on Uncertainty in a Coastal Industrial City in the Yangtze River Delta, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-13, April.
    2. Pengwei Qiao & Mei Lei & Guanghui Guo & Jun Yang & Xiaoyong Zhou & Tongbin Chen, 2017. "Quantitative Analysis of the Factors Influencing Soil Heavy Metal Lateral Migration in Rainfalls Based on Geographical Detector Software: A Case Study in Huanjiang County, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(7), pages 1-13, July.
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    6. Bifeng Hu & Xiaolin Jia & Jie Hu & Dongyun Xu & Fang Xia & Yan Li, 2017. "Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution and Health Risks in the Soil-Plant-Human System in the Yangtze River Delta, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-18, September.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Dana Chitimus & Valentin Nedeff & Emilian Mosnegutu & Narcis Barsan & Oana Irimia & Florin Nedeff, 2023. "Studies on the Accumulation, Translocation, and Enrichment Capacity of Soils and the Plant Species Phragmites Australis (Common Reed) with Heavy Metals," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-15, May.
    3. Ilker Ugulu & Shehnaz Bibi & Zafar Iqbal Khan & Kafeel Ahmad & Mudasra Munir & Ifra Saleem Malik & Abid Ejaz & Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei, 2023. "Biomonitoring of Heavy Metal and Metalloid Contamination in Industrial Wastewater Irrigated Areas Using Sugar Beet ( Brassica oleracea L.)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-14, June.
    4. Chuanchuan Yuan & Mu Jiang, 2023. "Migration and Land Exploitation from Yuan to Qing Dynasties: Insights from 252 Traditional Villages in Hunan, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-17, January.

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