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Coordinated Sliding Mode and Model Predictive Control for Enhanced Fault Ride-Through in DFIG Wind Turbines

Author

Listed:
  • Ahmed Muthanna Nori

    (Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Basrah, Basrah 61001, Iraq)

  • Ali Kadhim Abdulabbas

    (Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Basrah, Basrah 61001, Iraq)

  • Tawfiq M. Aljohani

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering at Yanbu, Taibah University, Yanbu Al-Bahr 41911, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

This work proposes an effective control technique for enhancing the stability of Doubly Fed Induction Generator-Based Wind Turbines (DFIG-WTs) connected to the grid during voltage sag and swell events, ensuring the reliable and efficient operation of wind energy systems integrated with the grid. The proposed approach integrates a Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) in series with a Wind Turbine Generator (WTG) output terminal to enhance the Fault Ride-Through (FRT) capability during grid disturbances. To develop a flexible control strategy for both unbalanced and balanced fault conditions, a combination of feedforward and feedback control based on a sliding mode control (SMC) for DVR converters is used. This hybrid strategy allows for precise voltage regulation, enabling the series compensator to inject the required voltage into the grid, thereby ensuring constant generator terminal voltages even during faults. The SMC enhances the system’s robustness by providing fast, reliable regulation of the injected voltage, effectively mitigating the impact of grid disturbances. To further enhance system performance, Model Predictive Control (MPC) is implemented for the Rotor-Side Converter (RSC) within the back-to-back converter (BTBC) configuration. The main advantages of the predictive control method include eliminating the need for linear controllers, coordinate transformations, or modulators for the converter. Additionally, it ensures the stable operation of the generator even under severe operating conditions, enhancing system robustness and dynamic response. To validate the proposed control strategy, a comprehensive simulation is conducted using a 2 MW DFIG-WT connected to a 120 kV grid. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed control approach successfully limits overcurrent in the RSC, maintains electromagnetic torque and DC-link voltage within their rated values, and dynamically regulates reactive power to mitigate voltage sags and swells. This allows the WTG to continue operating at its nominal capacity, fully complying with the strict requirements of modern grid codes and ensuring reliable grid integration.

Suggested Citation

  • Ahmed Muthanna Nori & Ali Kadhim Abdulabbas & Tawfiq M. Aljohani, 2025. "Coordinated Sliding Mode and Model Predictive Control for Enhanced Fault Ride-Through in DFIG Wind Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-27, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:15:p:4017-:d:1711959
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Henok Ayele Behabtu & Majid Vafaeipour & Abraham Alem Kebede & Maitane Berecibar & Joeri Van Mierlo & Kinde Anlay Fante & Maarten Messagie & Thierry Coosemans, 2023. "Smoothing Intermittent Output Power in Grid-Connected Doubly Fed Induction Generator Wind Turbines with Li-Ion Batteries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-37, November.
    2. Singh, Vikram & Fozdar, Manoj & Aljohani, Tawfiq & Singh, Satyendra & Malik, Hasmat, 2025. "A two-stage wind power integrated demand response framework under constrained transmission network for social welfare maximization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 394(C).
    3. Mansoor Soomro & Zubair Ahmed Memon & Mazhar Hussain Baloch & Nayyar Hussain Mirjat & Laveet Kumar & Quynh T. Tran & Gaetano Zizzo, 2023. "Performance Improvement of Grid-Integrated Doubly Fed Induction Generator under Asymmetrical and Symmetrical Faults," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-20, April.
    4. Ali Moghassemi & Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban, 2020. "Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR): A Comprehensive Review of Topologies, Power Converters, Control Methods, and Modified Configurations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-38, August.
    5. Aya M. Moheb & Enas A. El-Hay & Attia A. El-Fergany, 2022. "Comprehensive Review on Fault Ride-Through Requirements of Renewable Hybrid Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-30, September.
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