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Assessing the Performance of Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles Using Synthetic Hydrogen Fuel

Author

Listed:
  • Thomas Bacquart

    (Atmospheric Environmental Science Department, National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middlesex, UK)

  • Ward Storms

    (R&D, Toyota Motor Europe, B-1930 Zaventem, Belgium)

  • Niamh Moore

    (Atmospheric Environmental Science Department, National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middlesex, UK)

  • James Olden

    (R&D, Toyota Motor Europe, B-1930 Zaventem, Belgium)

  • Abigail Siân Olivia Morris

    (Atmospheric Environmental Science Department, National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middlesex, UK)

  • Mathew Hookham

    (Atmospheric Environmental Science Department, National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middlesex, UK)

  • Arul Murugan

    (Atmospheric Environmental Science Department, National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middlesex, UK)

  • Vincent Mattelaer

    (R&D, Toyota Motor Europe, B-1930 Zaventem, Belgium)

Abstract

The deployment of hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) is critical to achieve zero emissions. A key parameter influencing FCEV performance and durability is hydrogen fuel quality. The real impact of contaminants on FCEV performance is not well understood and requires reliable measurements from real-life events (e.g., hydrogen fuel in poor-performing FCEVs) and controlled studies on the impact of synthetic hydrogen fuel on FCEV performance. This paper presents a novel methodology to flow traceable hydrogen synthetic fuel directly into the FCEV tank. Four different synthetic fuels containing N 2 (90–200 µmol/mol), CO (0.14–5 µmol/mol), and H 2 S (4–11 nmol/mol) were supplied to an FCEV and subsequently sampled and analyzed. The synthetic fuels containing known contaminants powered the FCEV and provided real-life performance testing of the fuel cell system. The results showed, for the first time, that synthetic hydrogen fuel can be used in FCEVs without the requirement of a large infrastructure. In addition, this study carried out a traceable H 2 contamination impact study with an FCEV. The impact of CO and H 2 S at ISO 14687:2019 threshold levels on FCEV performance showed that small exceedances of the threshold levels had a significant impact, even for short exposures. The methodology proposed can be deployed to evaluate the composition of any hydrogen fuel.

Suggested Citation

  • Thomas Bacquart & Ward Storms & Niamh Moore & James Olden & Abigail Siân Olivia Morris & Mathew Hookham & Arul Murugan & Vincent Mattelaer, 2024. "Assessing the Performance of Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles Using Synthetic Hydrogen Fuel," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-18, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:7:p:1510-:d:1361740
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Huu Linh Nguyen & Jeasu Han & Xuan Linh Nguyen & Sangseok Yu & Young-Mo Goo & Duc Dung Le, 2021. "Review of the Durability of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell in Long-Term Operation: Main Influencing Parameters and Testing Protocols," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-34, July.
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