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Landfill Biogas Recovery and Its Contribution to Greenhouse Gas Mitigation

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  • Dek Vimean Pheakdey

    (Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-5-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan
    Department of Hazardous Substances Management, Ministry of Environment, Phnom Penh 120101, Cambodia)

  • Vongdala Noudeng

    (Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-5-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan
    Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Dongnasok-Nong Beuk Road, P.O. Box 7864, Vientiane 0117, Laos)

  • Tran Dang Xuan

    (Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-5-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan
    Center for the Planetary Health and Innovation Science (PHIS), The IDEC Institute, Hiroshima University, 1-5-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan)

Abstract

This study assesses the biomethane (CH 4 ) generation and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions resulting from municipal solid waste landfilling in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, with a focus on the impact of fugitive CH 4 emissions and operation processes in four landfilling scenarios: simple dumping (S1), improved management with leachate treatment (S2), engineered landfill with flaring (S3), and engineered landfill with energy recovery (S4). The study also considered the environmental benefits of carbon sequestration and landfill gas utilization. The LandGEM and IPCC FOD models were used to calculate CH 4 generation over the period of 2009–2022, and it was found that approximately 18 and 21 M kg/year of CH 4 were released, respectively. The energy potential from CH 4 recovery was 51–61 GWh/year. Overall, GHG emissions in S2 were the highest, amounting to 409–509 M kg CO 2 -eq/year, while S1 had lower emissions at 397–496 M kg CO 2 -eq/year. Flaring-captured CH 4 in S3 could reduce GHG emissions by at least 55%, and using captured CH 4 for electricity production in S4 could mitigate at least 83% of GHG emissions. Electricity recovery (S4) could avoid significant amounts of GHG emissions (−52 to −63 kg CO 2 -eq/tMSW). The study suggests that landfill gas-to-energy could significantly reduce GHG emissions.

Suggested Citation

  • Dek Vimean Pheakdey & Vongdala Noudeng & Tran Dang Xuan, 2023. "Landfill Biogas Recovery and Its Contribution to Greenhouse Gas Mitigation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-19, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:12:p:4689-:d:1170275
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cudjoe, Dan & Han, Myat Su & Chen, Weiming, 2021. "Power generation from municipal solid waste landfilled in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C).
    2. Ayodele, T.R. & Ogunjuyigbe, A.S.O. & Alao, M.A., 2017. "Life cycle assessment of waste-to-energy (WtE) technologies for electricity generation using municipal solid waste in Nigeria," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(C), pages 200-218.
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