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About Hydrophobicity of Lignin: A Review of Selected Chemical Methods for Lignin Valorisation in Biopolymer Production

Author

Listed:
  • Anton Lisý

    (Department of Wood, Pulp and Paper, Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology STU in Bratislava, 81237 Bratislava, Slovakia)

  • Aleš Ház

    (Department of Wood, Pulp and Paper, Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology STU in Bratislava, 81237 Bratislava, Slovakia)

  • Richard Nadányi

    (Department of Wood, Pulp and Paper, Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology STU in Bratislava, 81237 Bratislava, Slovakia)

  • Michal Jablonský

    (Department of Wood, Pulp and Paper, Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology STU in Bratislava, 81237 Bratislava, Slovakia)

  • Igor Šurina

    (Department of Wood, Pulp and Paper, Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology STU in Bratislava, 81237 Bratislava, Slovakia)

Abstract

Lignin is the second most abundant renewable natural polymer that occurs on Earth, and as such, it should be widely utilised by industries in a variety of applications. However, these applications and possible research seem to be limited or prevented by a variety of factors, mainly the high heterogeneity of lignin. Selective modifications of the structure and of functional groups allow better properties in material applications, whereas the separation of different qualitative lignin groups permits selective application in industry. This review is aimed at modification of the lignin structure, increasing the hydrophobicity of the produced materials, and focusing on several perspective modifications for industrial-scale production of lignin-based polymers, as well as challenges, opportunities, and other important factors to take into consideration.

Suggested Citation

  • Anton Lisý & Aleš Ház & Richard Nadányi & Michal Jablonský & Igor Šurina, 2022. "About Hydrophobicity of Lignin: A Review of Selected Chemical Methods for Lignin Valorisation in Biopolymer Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-27, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:17:p:6213-:d:898352
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Park, Gwon Woo & Gong, Gyeongtaek & Joo, Jeong Chan & Song, Jinju & Lee, Jiye & Lee, Joon-Pyo & Kim, Hee Taek & Ryu, Mi Hee & Sirohi, Ranjna & Zhuang, Xinshu & Min, Kyoungseon, 2022. "Recent progress and challenges in biological degradation and biotechnological valorization of lignin as an emerging source of bioenergy: A state-of-the-art review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    2. Dessbesell, Luana & Paleologou, Michael & Leitch, Mathew & Pulkki, Reino & Xu, Chunbao (Charles), 2020. "Global lignin supply overview and kraft lignin potential as an alternative for petroleum-based polymers," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).
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