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Hybrid Output Voltage Modulation (PWM-FSHE) for a Modular Battery System Based on a Cascaded H-Bridge Inverter for Electric Vehicles Reducing Drivetrain Losses and Current Ripple

Author

Listed:
  • Anton Kersten

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Hörsalsvägen 11, 41258 Gothenburg, Sweden)

  • Manuel Kuder

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Bundeswehr University Munich, Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39, 85579 Neubiberg, Germany)

  • Torbjörn Thiringer

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Hörsalsvägen 11, 41258 Gothenburg, Sweden)

Abstract

This paper shows a preliminary study about the output voltage modulation of a modular battery system based on a seven-level cascaded H-bridge inverter used for vehicle propulsion. Two generally known modulation techniques, pulse width modulation (PWM) and fundamental selective harmonic elimination (FSHE), are extensively compared for such an innovative modular battery system inverter considering EVs’ broad torque-speed range. The inverter and the battery losses, as well as the inverter-induced current THD, are modeled and quantified using simulations. At low speeds, if the modulation index M is below 0.3, FSHE induces a high current THD (>>5%) and, thus, cannot be used. At medium speeds, FSHE reduces the drivetrain losses (including the battery losses), while operating at higher speeds, it even reduces the current THD. Thus, an individual boundary between multilevel PWM and FSHE can be determined using weightings for efficiency and current quality. Based on this, a simple hybrid modulation technique is suggested for modular battery system inverters, improving the simulated drive cycle efficiency by a maximum of 0.29% to 0.42% for a modeled small passenger vehicle. Furthermore, FSHE’s high speed dominance is demonstrated using a simple experimental setup with an inductive load.

Suggested Citation

  • Anton Kersten & Manuel Kuder & Torbjörn Thiringer, 2021. "Hybrid Output Voltage Modulation (PWM-FSHE) for a Modular Battery System Based on a Cascaded H-Bridge Inverter for Electric Vehicles Reducing Drivetrain Losses and Current Ripple," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-19, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:5:p:1424-:d:511101
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Arora, Shashank & Shen, Weixiang & Kapoor, Ajay, 2016. "Review of mechanical design and strategic placement technique of a robust battery pack for electric vehicles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 1319-1331.
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    Cited by:

    1. Anton Kersten & Artem Rodionov & Manuel Kuder & Thomas Hammarström & Anton Lesnicar & Torbjörn Thiringer, 2021. "Review of Technical Design and Safety Requirements for Vehicle Chargers and Their Infrastructure According to National Swedish and Harmonized European Standards," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-17, June.
    2. Buberger, Johannes & Kersten, Anton & Kuder, Manuel & Eckerle, Richard & Weyh, Thomas & Thiringer, Torbjörn, 2022. "Total CO2-equivalent life-cycle emissions from commercially available passenger cars," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    3. Grzegorz Karoń, 2022. "Safe and Effective Smart Urban Transportation—Energy Flow in Electric (EV) and Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV)," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-8, September.

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