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Novel Method of the Seal Aerodynamic Design to Reduce Leakage by Matching the Seal Geometry to Flow Conditions

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  • Damian Joachimiak

    (Institute of Thermal Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland)

Abstract

This paper presents a novel method of labyrinth seals design. This method is based on CFD calculations and consists in the analysis of the phenomenon of gas kinetic energy carry-over in the seal chambers between clearances. The design method is presented in two variants. The first variant is designed for seals for which it is impossible to change their external dimensions (length and height). The second variant enables designing the seal geometry without changing the seal length and with a slight change of the seal height. Apart from the optimal distribution of teeth, this variant provides for adjusting chambers geometry to flow conditions. As the result of using both variants such design of the seal geometry with respect to leakage is obtained which enables achieving kinetic energy dissipation as uniform as possible in each chamber of the seal. The method was developed based on numerical calculations and the analysis of the flow phenomena. Calculation examples included in this paper show that the obtained reduction of leakage for the first variant ranges from 3.4% to 15.5%, when compared with the initial geometry. The relation between the number of seal teeth and the leakage rate is also analyzed here. The second variant allows for reduction of leakage rate by 15.4%, when compared with the geometry with the same number of teeth. It is shown that the newly designed geometry reveals almost stable relative reduction of leakage rate irrespective of the pressure ratio upstream and downstream the seal. The efficiency of the used method is proved for various heights of the seal clearance.

Suggested Citation

  • Damian Joachimiak, 2021. "Novel Method of the Seal Aerodynamic Design to Reduce Leakage by Matching the Seal Geometry to Flow Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-16, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:23:p:7880-:d:686901
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Min-Seok Hur & Seong-Won Moon & Tong-Seop Kim, 2021. "A Study on the Leakage Characteristics of a Stepped Labyrinth Seal with a Ribbed Casing," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-15, June.
    2. Magda Joachimiak, 2021. "Analysis of Thermodynamic Parameter Variability in a Chamber of a Furnace for Thermo-Chemical Treatment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-18, May.
    3. Zou, Zhengping & Shao, Fei & Li, Yiran & Zhang, Weihao & Berglund, Albin, 2017. "Dominant flow structure in the squealer tip gap and its impact on turbine aerodynamic performance," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 167-184.
    4. Savvas Savvakis & Dimitrios Mertzis & Elias Nassiopoulos & Zissis Samaras, 2020. "A Design of the Compression Chamber and Optimization of the Sealing of a Novel Rotary Internal Combustion Engine Using CFD," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-21, May.
    5. Seung Il Baek & Joon Ahn, 2021. "Optimizing the Geometric Parameters of a Straight-Through Labyrinth Seal to Minimize the Leakage Flow Rate and the Discharge Coefficient," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-17, January.
    6. Damian Joachimiak & Andrzej Frąckowiak, 2020. "Experimental and Numerical Analysis of the Gas Flow in the Axisymmetric Radial Clearance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-13, November.
    7. Jianmei Feng & Lingzi Wang & Hang Yang & Xueyuan Peng, 2018. "Numerical Investigation on the Effects of Structural Parameters of Labyrinth Cavity on Sealing Performance," Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Hindawi, vol. 2018, pages 1-12, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Artur S. Bartosik, 2022. "Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow: A Review of Contributions to the Special Issue," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-8, April.

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