IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v13y2020i4p840-d320780.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Analytical Methods to Estimate the Thermal Transmittance of LSF Walls: Calculation Procedures Review and Accuracy Comparison

Author

Listed:
  • Paulo Santos

    (ISISE, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Coimbra, Pólo II, Rua Luís Reis Santos, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal)

  • Gabriela Lemes

    (ISISE, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Coimbra, Pólo II, Rua Luís Reis Santos, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal)

  • Diogo Mateus

    (ISISE, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Coimbra, Pólo II, Rua Luís Reis Santos, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal)

Abstract

An accurate evaluation of the thermal transmittance ( U -value) of building envelope elements is fundamental for a reliable assessment of their thermal behaviour and energy efficiency. Simplified analytical methods to estimate the U -value of building elements could be very useful to designers. However, the analytical methods applied to lightweight steel framed (LSF) elements have some specific features, being more challenging to use and to obtain a reliable accurate U -value with. In this work, the main analytical methods available in the literature were identified, the calculation procedures were reviewed and their accuracy was evaluated and compared. With this goal, six analytical methods were used to estimate the U -values of 80 different LSF wall models. The obtained analytical U -values were compared with those provided by numerical simulations, which were used as reference U -values. The numerical simulations were performed using a 2D steady-state finite element method (FEM)-based software, THERM. The reliability of these numerical models was ensured by comparison with benchmark values and by an experimental validation. All the evaluated analytical methods showed a quite good accuracy performance, the worst accuracy being found in cold frame walls. The best and worst precisions were found in the Modified Zone Method and in the Gorgolewski Method 2, respectively. Very surprisingly, the ISO 6946 Combined Method showed a better average precision than other two methods, which were specifically developed for LSF elements.

Suggested Citation

  • Paulo Santos & Gabriela Lemes & Diogo Mateus, 2020. "Analytical Methods to Estimate the Thermal Transmittance of LSF Walls: Calculation Procedures Review and Accuracy Comparison," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-27, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:4:p:840-:d:320780
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/4/840/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/4/840/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Soares, N. & Santos, P. & Gervásio, H. & Costa, J.J. & Simões da Silva, L., 2017. "Energy efficiency and thermal performance of lightweight steel-framed (LSF) construction: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 194-209.
    2. Paulo Santos & Gabriela Lemes & Diogo Mateus, 2019. "Thermal Transmittance of Internal Partition and External Facade LSF Walls: A Parametric Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-20, July.
    3. Lucchi, Elena, 2018. "Applications of the infrared thermography in the energy audit of buildings: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 3077-3090.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Paulo Santos & Paulo Lopes & David Abrantes, 2023. "Thermal Performance of Lightweight Steel Framed Facade Walls Using Thermal Break Strips and ETICS: A Parametric Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-16, February.
    2. Victor Lohmann & Paulo Santos, 2020. "Trombe Wall Thermal Behavior and Energy Efficiency of a Light Steel Frame Compartment: Experimental and Numerical Assessments," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-25, May.
    3. Paulo Santos & Paulo Lopes & David Abrantes, 2022. "Thermal Performance of Load-Bearing, Lightweight, Steel-Framed Partition Walls Using Thermal Break Strips: A Parametric Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-16, December.
    4. Paulo Santos & Diogo Mateus & Daniel Ferrandez & Amparo Verdu, 2022. "Numerical Simulation and Experimental Validation of Thermal Break Strips’ Improvement in Facade LSF Walls," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-18, November.
    5. Paulo Santos & Keerthan Poologanathan, 2021. "The Importance of Stud Flanges Size and Shape on the Thermal Performance of Lightweight Steel Framed Walls," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-22, April.
    6. Tao Lu & Lauri Vähä-Savo & Xiaoshu Lü & Katsuyuki Haneda, 2023. "Thermal Impact of 5G Antenna Systems in Sandwich Walls," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-17, March.
    7. Domagoj Tkalčić & Bojan Milovanović & Mergim Gaši & Marija Jelčić Rukavina & Ivana Banjad Pečur, 2023. "Optimization of Thermal Bridges Effect of Composite Lightweight Panels with Integrated Steel Load-Bearing Structure," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-24, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Victor Lohmann & Paulo Santos, 2020. "Trombe Wall Thermal Behavior and Energy Efficiency of a Light Steel Frame Compartment: Experimental and Numerical Assessments," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-25, May.
    2. Paulo Santos & Keerthan Poologanathan, 2021. "The Importance of Stud Flanges Size and Shape on the Thermal Performance of Lightweight Steel Framed Walls," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-22, April.
    3. Paulo Santos & Paulo Lopes & David Abrantes, 2022. "Thermal Performance of Load-Bearing, Lightweight, Steel-Framed Partition Walls Using Thermal Break Strips: A Parametric Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-16, December.
    4. Paulo Santos & Telmo Ribeiro, 2021. "Thermal Performance Improvement of Double-Pane Lightweight Steel Framed Walls Using Thermal Break Strips and Reflective Foils," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-16, October.
    5. Zoe Mayer & Julia Heuer & Rebekka Volk & Frank Schultmann, 2021. "Aerial Thermographic Image-Based Assessment of Thermal Bridges Using Representative Classifications and Calculations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-43, November.
    6. Shariq, M. Hasan & Hughes, Ben Richard, 2020. "Revolutionising building inspection techniques to meet large-scale energy demands: A review of the state-of-the-art," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 130(C).
    7. Blanca Tejedor & Eva Barreira & Vasco Peixoto de Freitas & Tomasz Kisilewicz & Katarzyna Nowak-Dzieszko & Umberto Berardi, 2020. "Impact of Stationary and Dynamic Conditions on the U-Value Measurements of Heavy-Multi Leaf Walls by Quantitative IRT," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-19, December.
    8. Rasooli, Arash & Itard, Laure, 2019. "In-situ rapid determination of walls’ thermal conductivity, volumetric heat capacity, and thermal resistance, using response factors," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C), pages 1-1.
    9. Przemysław Miąsik & Joanna Krasoń, 2021. "Thermal Efficiency of Trombe Wall in the South Facade of a Frame Building," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-23, January.
    10. Takahiro Kimura & Tao Zhang & Hiroatsu Fukuda, 2019. "A Proposal for the Development of a Building Management System for Extending the Lifespan of Housing Complexes in Japan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(20), pages 1-18, October.
    11. Yu, Sisi & Liu, Yanfeng & Wang, Dengjia & Bahaj, AbuBakr S. & Wu, Yue & Liu, Jiaping, 2021. "Review of thermal and environmental performance of prefabricated buildings: Implications to emission reductions in China," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    12. Kheira Anissa Tabet Aoul & Rahma Hagi & Rahma Abdelghani & Monaya Syam & Boshra Akhozheya, 2021. "Building Envelope Thermal Defects in Existing and Under-Construction Housing in the UAE; Infrared Thermography Diagnosis and Qualitative Impacts Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-23, February.
    13. Domagoj Tkalčić & Bojan Milovanović & Mergim Gaši & Marija Jelčić Rukavina & Ivana Banjad Pečur, 2023. "Optimization of Thermal Bridges Effect of Composite Lightweight Panels with Integrated Steel Load-Bearing Structure," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-24, September.
    14. Shabunko, Veronika & Badrinarayanan, Samyuktha & Pillai, Dhanup S., 2021. "Evaluation of in-situ thermal transmittance of innovative building integrated photovoltaic modules: Application to thermal performance assessment for green mark certification in the tropics," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).
    15. Martin, Miguel & Chong, Adrian & Biljecki, Filip & Miller, Clayton, 2022. "Infrared thermography in the built environment: A multi-scale review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 165(C).
    16. Younness EL Fouih & Amine Allouhi & Jamil Abdelmajid & Tarik Kousksou & Youssef Mourad, 2020. "Post Energy Audit of Two Mosques as a Case Study of Intermittent Occupancy Buildings: Toward more Sustainable Mosques," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-22, December.
    17. Natalia Cid & Ana Ogando & M. A. Gómez, 2017. "Acquisition System Verification for Energy Efficiency Analysis of Building Materials," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-12, August.
    18. Paulo Santos & Diogo Mateus & Daniel Ferrandez & Amparo Verdu, 2022. "Numerical Simulation and Experimental Validation of Thermal Break Strips’ Improvement in Facade LSF Walls," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-18, November.
    19. Mirco Andreotti & Marta Calzolari & Pietromaria Davoli & Luisa Dias Pereira & Elena Lucchi & Roberto Malaguti, 2020. "Design and Construction of a New Metering Hot Box for the In Situ Hygrothermal Measurement in Dynamic Conditions of Historic Masonries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-21, June.
    20. Paulo Santos & Gabriela Lemes & Diogo Mateus, 2019. "Thermal Transmittance of Internal Partition and External Facade LSF Walls: A Parametric Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-20, July.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:4:p:840-:d:320780. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.