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Experimental Nets for a Protection System against the Vectors of Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al

Author

Listed:
  • Sergio Castellano

    (Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DiSAFE), University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71100 Foggia, Italy)

  • Antonella Di Palma

    (Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DiSAFE), University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71100 Foggia, Italy)

  • Giacinto S. Germinara

    (Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DiSAFE), University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71100 Foggia, Italy)

  • Marco Lippolis

    (Sachim Srl, Via Mastricale 7, 70017 Putignano, Italy)

  • Giuseppe Starace

    (Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via per Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy)

  • Giacomo Scarascia-Mugnozza

    (Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science (DiSAAT), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy)

Abstract

The effectiveness of experimental nets in preventing the access of adult meadow spittlebug Philaenus spumarius L., the main vector of Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al. subspecies pauca , sequence type (ST) 53, in olive tree nurseries and orchards was evaluated. To optimize the net design, mesh size, kind of fabric, thread typology, and radiometric properties, six nets with different mesh sizes and kinds of fabric were evaluated in laboratory and in field experiments. Laboratory bioassays evaluating the capability of adult spittlebugs to pass through nets with different mesh sizes (1.2, 1.8, 2.4 mm) showed that all nets with a mesh size equal to or lower than 2.4 mm prevented insect crossing. These results were confirmed in field conditions using an experimental net box apparatus. Further laboratory tests showed a positive correlation between porosity and radiometric properties of the nets. Three prototypes of thermally stabilized flat woven nets made of circular cross-sectional yarns, knitted net with strips, and knitted nets made of yarns were tested after the evaluation of their potential usability in terms of porosity stability. The knitted net features were found to be the most suitable. The net transmissivity of the total and direct component of solar radiation in the photosynthetically active radiation and the infrared ranges increased with the net porosity. A prism-shaped wooden frame with a triangular base covered with the knitted net with a 2.4 mm mesh confirmed the insect’s capability of reaching considerable heights, up to 2.85 m. Hence, based on our results, the monowire knitted net with a 2.4 mm mesh can be used in open field nursery and olive orchards to prevent the access of P. spumarius adults and to shield the openings of greenhouse nurseries.

Suggested Citation

  • Sergio Castellano & Antonella Di Palma & Giacinto S. Germinara & Marco Lippolis & Giuseppe Starace & Giacomo Scarascia-Mugnozza, 2019. "Experimental Nets for a Protection System against the Vectors of Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 9(2), pages 1-8, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:9:y:2019:i:2:p:32-:d:203556
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Andrea Luvisi & Francesca Nicolì & Luigi De Bellis, 2017. "Sustainable Management of Plant Quarantine Pests: The Case of Olive Quick Decline Syndrome," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-19, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jorge Mongil-Manso & Raimundo Jiménez-Ballesta & Juan Manuel Trujillo-González & Ana San José Wery & Alexandra Díez Méndez, 2023. "A Comprehensive Review of Plastics in Agricultural Soils: A Case Study of Castilla y León (Spain) Farmlands," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-21, October.
    2. Chrysanthos Maraveas, 2020. "The Sustainability of Plastic Nets in Agriculture," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-24, April.
    3. José Ignacio Rojas-Sola & Eduardo De la Morena-De la Fuente, 2020. "The Conical Stones Olive Oil Mill: Analysis through Computer-Aided Engineering," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-24, July.
    4. José Ignacio Rojas-Sola & Eduardo De la Morena-De la Fuente & Manuel Jesús Hermoso-Orzáez & David Hernández-Díaz, 2020. "The Tower Press for Obtaining Olive Oil: Analysis through Computer-Aided Engineering," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-25, November.

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