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Nitrogen Use Efficiency and the Genetic Variation of Maize Expired Plant Variety Protection Germplasm

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  • Adriano T. Mastrodomenico

    (Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
    Current address: PR-445 Road, km 56.5, Limagrain, Londrina, PR 86115-000, Brazil.)

  • C. Cole Hendrix

    (Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
    Current address: 718 Forest Park Blvd. Apt. D108, Oxnard, CA 93036, USA.)

  • Frederick E. Below

    (Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA)

Abstract

Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in maize ( Zea mays L.) is an important trait to optimize yield with minimal input of nitrogen (N) fertilizer. Expired Plant Variety Protection (ex-PVP) Act-certified germplasm may be an important genetic resource for public breeding sectors. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the genetic variation of N-use traits and to characterize maize ex-PVP inbreds that are adapted to the U.S. Corn Belt for NUE performance. Eighty-nine ex-PVP inbreds (36 stiff stalk synthetic (SSS), and 53 non-stiff stalk synthetic (NSSS)) were genotyped using 26,769 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, then 263 single-cross maize hybrids derived from these inbreds were grown in eight environments from 2011 to 2015 at two N fertilizer rates (0 and 252 kg N ha −1 ) and three replications. Genetic utilization of inherent soil nitrogen and the yield response to N fertilizer were stable across environments and were highly correlated with yield under low and high N conditions, respectively. Cluster analysis identified inbreds with desirable NUE performance. However, only one inbred (PHK56) was ranked in the top 10% for yield under both N-stress and high N conditions. Broad-sense heritability across 12 different N-use traits varied from 0.11 to 0.77, but was not associated with breeding value accuracy. Nitrogen-stress tolerance was negatively correlated with the yield increase from N fertilizer.

Suggested Citation

  • Adriano T. Mastrodomenico & C. Cole Hendrix & Frederick E. Below, 2018. "Nitrogen Use Efficiency and the Genetic Variation of Maize Expired Plant Variety Protection Germplasm," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 8(1), pages 1-17, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:8:y:2018:i:1:p:3-:d:124944
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gilmour, Arthur & Cullis, Brian & Welham, Sue & Gogel, Beverley & Thompson, Robin, 2004. "An efficient computing strategy for prediction in mixed linear models," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 44(4), pages 571-586, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Urs Feller & Stanislav Kopriva & Valya Vassileva, 2018. "Plant Nutrient Dynamics in Stressful Environments: Needs Interfere with Burdens," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 8(7), pages 1-6, July.

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