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Mechanical Chiseling and the Cover Crop Effect on the Common Bean Yield in the Brazilian Cerrado

Author

Listed:
  • Vagner do Nascimento

    (Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dracena 17900-000, SP, Brazil)

  • Orivaldo Arf

    (Food Technology and Social Economy, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Crop Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil)

  • Marlene Cristina Alves

    (Rural Engineering and Soils (DEFERS), Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil)

  • Epitácio José de Souza

    (Faculty Unibras of Goiás, Rio Verde 75909-310, GO, Brazil)

  • Paulo Ricardo Teodoro da Silva

    (Precision Agriculture, Chapadão Foundation, Chapadão do Sul 79560-000, MS, Brazil)

  • Flávio Hiroshi Kaneko

    (Agronomy, Campus of Iturama, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro (UFTM), Iturama 38280-000, MG, Brazil)

  • Arshad Jalal

    (Rural Engineering and Soils (DEFERS), Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil)

  • Carlos Eduardo da Silva Oliveira

    (Rural Engineering and Soils (DEFERS), Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil)

  • Michelle Traete Sabundjian

    (Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Social and Agrarian Sciences of Itapeva, Itapeva 18409-010, SP, Brazil)

  • Samuel Ferrari

    (Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dracena 17900-000, SP, Brazil)

  • Fernando de Souza Buzo

    (Food Technology and Social Economy, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Crop Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil)

  • Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto Teixeira Filho

    (Rural Engineering and Soils (DEFERS), Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil)

Abstract

Core Ideas: (1) Superficial soil compaction in a no-tillage system. (2) Cultivation of cover crops in succession with annual crops. (3) Soil decompression with cultivation of the predecessor soil cover. (4) Unpacking soil with mechanical chiseling. (5) Biological chiseling with the cover crop effect on the common bean yield. Mechanical soil intervention with a chisel in cover crops (CC) is a promising alternative strategy to minimize superficial compaction of soil in a no-tillage system (NTS) of the Brazilian Cerrado. Thus, the objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of mechanical chiseling associated with successor and predecessor cover crops on agronomic components and the grain yield of the common bean in NTS for two consecutive years. The experiment was designed in randomized blocks in a 5 × 2 factorial scheme with four replications. The treatments consisted of five cover crops ( Cajanus cajan, Crotalaria juncea, Urochloa ruziziensis and Pennisetum glaucum and fallow), associated or not with soil mechanical chiseling. The results indicated that cultivation of C. juncea and U. ruziziensis as cover crops increased the initial and the final plant population and the number of pods plant −1 of the common bean. The cultivation of P. glaucum as a predecessor crop with chiseling was observed with greater shoot dry matter and a greater number of grains pod −1 and plant −1 of the common bean while C. cajan and C. juncea have increased leaf N content in the common bean. The predecessor crops of C. juncea and P. glaucum with chiseling increased the grain yield of the “winter” common bean in succession. Therefore, cultivation of C. juncea and P. glaucum as predecessor crops along with chiseling are considered a sustainable strategy for improving the growth and the yield of successive crops in a no-tillage system of the Brazilian Cerrado.

Suggested Citation

  • Vagner do Nascimento & Orivaldo Arf & Marlene Cristina Alves & Epitácio José de Souza & Paulo Ricardo Teodoro da Silva & Flávio Hiroshi Kaneko & Arshad Jalal & Carlos Eduardo da Silva Oliveira & Miche, 2022. "Mechanical Chiseling and the Cover Crop Effect on the Common Bean Yield in the Brazilian Cerrado," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-14, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:5:p:616-:d:803048
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. G. Y. Mahama & P. V. V. Prasad & K. L. Roozeboom & J. B. Nippert & C. W. Rice, 2020. "Reduction of Nitrogen Fertilizer Requirements and Nitrous Oxide Emissions Using Legume Cover Crops in a No-Tillage Sorghum Production System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-18, May.
    2. Xiufen Li & Andrew Tan & Kun Chen & Yeming Pan & Terry Gentry & Fugen Dou, 2021. "Effect of Cover Crop Type and Application Rate on Soil Nitrogen Mineralization and Availability in Organic Rice Production," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-19, March.
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