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Utilizing Mediterranean Plants to Remove Contaminants from the Soil Environment: A Short Review

Author

Listed:
  • Alexandra D. Solomou

    (Hellenic Agricultural Organization “DEMETER”, Institute of Mediterranean & Forest Ecosystems, Terma Alkmanos, 11528 Athens, Greece)

  • Rafaelia Germani

    (Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, 38446 Volos, Greece)

  • Nikolaos Proutsos

    (Hellenic Agricultural Organization “DEMETER”, Institute of Mediterranean & Forest Ecosystems, Terma Alkmanos, 11528 Athens, Greece)

  • Michaela Petropoulou

    (Hellenic Agricultural Organization “DEMETER”, Institute of Mediterranean & Forest Ecosystems, Terma Alkmanos, 11528 Athens, Greece)

  • Petros Koutroumpilas

    (Hellenic Agricultural Organization “DEMETER”, Institute of Mediterranean & Forest Ecosystems, Terma Alkmanos, 11528 Athens, Greece)

  • Christos Galanis

    (Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, 38446 Volos, Greece)

  • Georgios Maroulis

    (Hellenic Agricultural Organization “DEMETER”, Institute of Mediterranean & Forest Ecosystems, Terma Alkmanos, 11528 Athens, Greece)

  • Antonios Kolimenakis

    (Hellenic Agricultural Organization “DEMETER”, Institute of Mediterranean & Forest Ecosystems, Terma Alkmanos, 11528 Athens, Greece)

Abstract

The use of contaminated soils in food production imposes the need for the reduction in heavy metals concentrations, using various techniques, in order to eliminate the toxic effects of pollution and ensure safety in the consumption of agricultural products. Phytoremediation is a promising, effective, and publicly acceptable method to remove soils’ toxicity. This study aims to investigate the current knowledge on plants’ metal tolerance mechanisms, the use of Mediterranean plants in phytoremediation, and the economic perspective for its application on large scales. A total of 166 research studies were systematically reviewed, based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The findings indicate that phytoremediation has more advantages compared to other techniques. It can be a sustainable and affordable option, especially for developing countries, due to the relatively low application and maintenance costs. Many hyperaccumulating plants have been identified that can be used in soil cleansing, enhancing the applicability and replicability of the method. The selection of the appropriate plant species is based on their specific physiological characteristics to remove undesirable elements from the soils and, in certain cases, there is a preference for use of non-native species. However, such species may exhibit invasive behaviors, introducing high uncertainties and risks in the preservation of local ecosystems, especially in the Mediterranean zone, since they can have a serious impact on the environmental and ecological dynamics of the local plant communities. The use of native plants is generally more advantageous since they are better acclimated, have no effects on the local ecological balance, and can eliminate the legal restrictions for their use (seed availability, planting, etc.).

Suggested Citation

  • Alexandra D. Solomou & Rafaelia Germani & Nikolaos Proutsos & Michaela Petropoulou & Petros Koutroumpilas & Christos Galanis & Georgios Maroulis & Antonios Kolimenakis, 2022. "Utilizing Mediterranean Plants to Remove Contaminants from the Soil Environment: A Short Review," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-19, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:2:p:238-:d:744233
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. David Moher & Alessandro Liberati & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Douglas G Altman & The PRISMA Group, 2009. "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-6, July.
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    4. Lena Q. Ma & Kenneth M. Komar & Cong Tu & Weihua Zhang & Yong Cai & Elizabeth D. Kennelley, 2001. "A fern that hyperaccumulates arsenic," Nature, Nature, vol. 409(6820), pages 579-579, February.
    5. Eleni Topalidou & Alexandra D. Solomou & Susana S. Santos & Evdokia Krystallidou & Styliani Kakara & Konstantinos Mantzanas, 2021. "Dynamic Role and Importance of Multi-Kingdom Communities in Mediterranean Wood-Pastures," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-21, September.
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