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Social inequalities, stressors and self reported health status among African American and white women in the Detroit metropolitan area

Author

Listed:
  • Schulz, A.
  • Israel, B.
  • Williams, D.
  • Parker, E.
  • Becker, A.
  • James, S.

Abstract

This article examines the cumulative effects of multiple stressors on women's health, by race and area of residence. Specifically, we examine socioeconomic status, experiences of unfair treatment and acute life events by race and residential location, and their cumulative effects on the health status of African American and white women living within the city of Detroit and in the surrounding metropolitan area. African American women, regardless of whether they live inside or outside the city, report more frequent encounters with everyday unfair treatment than white women. African American women who live in the city report a greater number of acute life events than white women who live outside the city. Regression analyses used to examine the cumulative effects of exposure to these stressors by race and area of residence show that: (1) socioeconomic status, everyday experiences with unfair treatment and acute life events each make a significant contribution to differences in health status; and (2) the contribution of each of these variables to explaining variations in health status varies by area of residence. We suggest that differences in socioeconomic status, exposure to unfair treatment or discrimination and experiences of acute life events make significant contributions to racial differences in women's health status.

Suggested Citation

  • Schulz, A. & Israel, B. & Williams, D. & Parker, E. & Becker, A. & James, S., 2000. "Social inequalities, stressors and self reported health status among African American and white women in the Detroit metropolitan area," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 51(11), pages 1639-1653, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:51:y:2000:i:11:p:1639-1653
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Johnston, David W. & Lordan, Grace, 2012. "Discrimination makes me sick! An examination of the discrimination–health relationship," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 31(1), pages 99-111.
    2. H. Eme Ichoku & William Fonta & Michael Thiede, 2011. "Socioeconomic gradients in self-rated health: a developing country case study of Enugu State, Nigeria," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 44(3), pages 179-202, August.
    3. Zeng, Di & You, Wen & Mills, Bradford & Alwang, Jeffrey & Royster, Michael & Anson-Dwamena, Rexford, 2015. "A closer look at the rural-urban health disparities: Insights from four major diseases in the Commonwealth of Virginia," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 62-68.
    4. Shoff, Carla & Yang, Tse-Chuan, 2012. "Untangling the associations among distrust, race, and neighborhood social environment: A social disorganization perspective," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 74(9), pages 1342-1352.
    5. Angie M. Schock-Giordano, 2013. "Ethnic Families and Mental Health," SAGE Open, , vol. 3(1), pages 21582440134, February.
    6. Harnois, Catherine E., 2022. "What do we measure when we measure perceptions of everyday discrimination?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 292(C).
    7. Schulz, Amy J. & Israel, Barbara A. & Zenk, Shannon N. & Parker, Edith A. & Lichtenstein, Richard & Shellman-Weir, Sheryl & A.B., Laura Klem, 2006. "Psychosocial stress and social support as mediators of relationships between income, length of residence and depressive symptoms among African American women on Detroit's eastside," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 62(2), pages 510-522, January.
    8. Borrell, Luisa N. & Kiefe, Catarina I. & Williams, David R. & Diez-Roux, Ana V. & Gordon-Larsen, Penny, 2006. "Self-reported health, perceived racial discrimination, and skin color in African Americans in the CARDIA study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 63(6), pages 1415-1427, September.
    9. Nasheeta Peer & Carl Lombard & Krisela Steyn & Naomi Levitt, 2020. "A high burden of adverse life events and poor coping mechanisms experienced by urban-dwelling black South Africans," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(9), pages 1-11, September.
    10. Schwartz, Sharon & Meyer, Ilan H., 2010. "Mental health disparities research: The impact of within and between group analyses on tests of social stress hypotheses," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 70(8), pages 1111-1118, April.
    11. Sudano, Joseph J. & Baker, David W., 2006. "Explaining US racial/ethnic disparities in health declines and mortality in late middle age: The roles of socioeconomic status, health behaviors, and health insurance," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 62(4), pages 909-922, February.
    12. Hudson, Darrell L. & Puterman, Eli & Bibbins-Domingo, Kirsten & Matthews, Karen A. & Adler, Nancy E., 2013. "Race, life course socioeconomic position, racial discrimination, depressive symptoms and self-rated health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 7-14.
    13. Boardman, Jason D. & Alexander, Kari B., 2011. "Stress trajectories, health behaviors, and the mental health of black and white young adults," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 72(10), pages 1659-1666, May.

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