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Effect of activated carbon assisted microwave pyrolysis parameters on phenol-rich oil from decommissioned wind turbine blades

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  • Song, Jie
  • Liu, Shanjian
  • Yang, Chunzhen
  • Yao, Jingang
  • Song, Xiaoyu
  • Qian, Qingqing

Abstract

In this study, a novel activated carbon-assisted microwave pyrolysis method was developed to recover both resin and glass fibers from end-of-life wind turbine blades. An orthogonal experimental design was used to assess the effects of temperature, microwave power, and activated carbon ratio on the phenolic content of the pyrolysis oil. Microwave heating significantly promoted phenol production, with the phenolic content reaching up to 83.5%, and phenol along with isopropyl-substituted phenols showing the highest selectivity, while alcohols decreased. The mass ratio of activated carbon to epoxy resin was identified as the most influential factor, followed by microwave power and temperature. Competitive and synergistic interactions between the gas and liquid phases were observed, where moderate suppression of deoxygenation reactions favored phenol preservation and enrichment. Additionally, the recovered glass fibers treated by oxidation showed a 17.1% higher tensile strength than those treated by swelling. Based on the analysis of product evolution, a mechanism for the activated carbon-assisted microwave pyrolysis of epoxy resin was proposed.

Suggested Citation

  • Song, Jie & Liu, Shanjian & Yang, Chunzhen & Yao, Jingang & Song, Xiaoyu & Qian, Qingqing, 2026. "Effect of activated carbon assisted microwave pyrolysis parameters on phenol-rich oil from decommissioned wind turbine blades," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:258:y:2026:i:c:s0960148125026515
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.124987
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