IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/reensy/v254y2025ipbs0951832024006987.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Standby component replacement strategy for a balanced system with a standby pool

Author

Listed:
  • Zhao, Xian
  • Wang, Chen
  • Wang, Siqi
  • Han, He

Abstract

In this paper, a new rebalancing strategy is proposed by replacing the standby components for a balanced system with a standby pool. The working components are connected in series. All standby components are stored in a standby component pool. When the working components do not fail and the balance degree of the system does not exceed a threshold, the system can operate normally. The balance degree of the system is defined as the maximum state difference of all the working components. If the system becomes unbalanced or fails, a qualified standby component in the standby pool should be selected to replace the working component. The replacement strategy is given in detail. This paper uses the discrete-state continuous-time Markov process to derive the system reliability. Finally, a numerical example and sensitivity analysis are given. Considering the downtime cost and the cost of purchasing standby components, the number of standby components in the standby pool is optimized.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhao, Xian & Wang, Chen & Wang, Siqi & Han, He, 2025. "Standby component replacement strategy for a balanced system with a standby pool," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 254(PB).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:reensy:v:254:y:2025:i:pb:s0951832024006987
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ress.2024.110627
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0951832024006987
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.ress.2024.110627?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Fang, Chen & Cui, Lirong, 2021. "Reliability evaluation for balanced systems with auto-balancing mechanisms," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    2. Wu, Congshan & Zhao, Xian & Wang, Siqi & Song, Yanbo, 2022. "Reliability analysis of consecutive-k-out-of-r-from-n subsystems: F balanced systems with load sharing," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
    3. Fang, Chen & Cui, Lirong, 2020. "Reliability analysis for balanced engine systems with m sectors by considering start-up probability," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 197(C).
    4. Lirong Cui & Hongda Gao & Yuchang Mo, 2018. "Reliability for k-out-of-n:F balanced systems with m sectors," IISE Transactions, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 50(5), pages 381-393, May.
    5. Wang, Siqi & Zhao, Xian & Wu, Congshan & Wang, Xiaoyue, 2023. "Joint optimization of multi-stage component reassignment and preventive maintenance for balanced systems considering imperfect maintenance," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 237(C).
    6. Zhao, Xian & Wang, Chen & Wang, Siqi, 2024. "Reliability analysis of multi-state balanced systems with standby components switching mechanism," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    7. Wang, Xiaoyue & Chen, Xi & Zhao, Xian & Ning, Ru, 2024. "Reliability analysis of self-healing systems equipped with multi-component protective devices operating in a shock environment," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 244(C).
    8. Dingguo Hua & Elsayed A. Elsayed, 2018. "Reliability approximation of k-out-of-n pairs: G balanced systems with spatially distributed units," IISE Transactions, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 50(7), pages 616-626, July.
    9. Wang, Jingjing & Zheng, Rui & Lin, Tianran, 2022. "Maintenance modeling for balanced systems subject to two competing failure modes," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 225(C).
    10. Zhao, Xian & Wang, Siqi & Wang, Xiaoyue & Fan, Yu, 2020. "Multi-state balanced systems in a shock environment," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    11. Wang, Siqi & Zhao, Xian & Tian, Zhigang & Zuo, Ming J., 2021. "Optimum component reassignment for balanced systems with multi-state components operating in a shock environment," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 210(C).
    12. Lirong Cui & Jianhui Chen & Xiangchen Li, 2019. "Balanced reliability systems under Markov processes," IISE Transactions, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 51(9), pages 1025-1035, September.
    13. Eryilmaz, Serkan, 2017. "The effectiveness of adding cold standby redundancy to a coherent system at system and component levels," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 331-335.
    14. Wang, Wei & Wu, Zhiying & Xiong, Junlin & Xu, Yaofeng, 2018. "Redundancy optimization of cold-standby systems under periodic inspection and maintenance," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 394-402.
    15. Dui, Hongyan & Zhang, Huanqi & Dong, Xinghui & Zhang, Songru, 2024. "Cascading failure and resilience optimization of unmanned vehicle distribution networks in IoT," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 246(C).
    16. Fangyu Liu & Hongyan Dui & Ziyue Li, 2022. "Reliability analysis for electrical power systems based on importance measures," Journal of Risk and Reliability, , vol. 236(2), pages 317-328, April.
    17. Gao, Hongda & Cui, Lirong & Yi, He, 2019. "Availability analysis of k-out-of-n: F repairable balanced systems with m sectors," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    18. Xian Zhao & Jing Zhang & Xiaoyue Wang, 2019. "Joint optimization of components redundancy, spares inventory and repairmen allocation for a standby series system," Journal of Risk and Reliability, , vol. 233(4), pages 623-638, August.
    19. Dui, Hongyan & Zhu, Yawen & Tao, Junyong, 2024. "Multi-phased resilience methodology of urban sewage treatment network based on the phase and node recovery importance in IoT," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 247(C).
    20. Chen Fang & Lirong Cui, 2022. "Reliability evaluation of consecutive k-out-of-m: F balanced systems with a symmetry line," Journal of Risk and Reliability, , vol. 236(5), pages 816-827, October.
    21. Finkelstein, Maxim & Cha, Ji Hwan & Langston, Amy, 2022. "Optimal preventive switching of components in degrading systems," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).
    22. Zhenen Li & Xinyan Zhang & Tusongjiang Kari & Wei Hu, 2021. "Health Assessment and Remaining Useful Life Prediction of Wind Turbine High-Speed Shaft Bearings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-19, July.
    23. Levitin, Gregory & Xing, Liudong & Peng, Sun & Dai, Yuanshun, 2015. "Optimal choice of standby modes in 1-out-of-N system with respect to mission reliability and cost," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 258(C), pages 587-596.
    24. Jing Zhang & Xian Zhao & Yanbo Song, 2021. "Joint optimization of reliability design and spares inventory for a use-oriented product-service system based on the electric vehicle charging station," Journal of Risk and Reliability, , vol. 235(4), pages 676-689, August.
    25. Wu, Congshan & Pan, Rong & Zhao, Xian & Wang, Xiaoyue, 2024. "Designing preventive maintenance for multi-state systems with performance sharing," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 241(C).
    26. Dui, Hongyan & Liu, Meng & Song, Jiaying & Wu, Shaomin, 2023. "Importance measure-based resilience management: Review, methodology and perspectives on maintenance," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 237(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zhao, Xian & Wang, Chen & Wang, Siqi, 2024. "Reliability analysis of multi-state balanced systems with standby components switching mechanism," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    2. Wang, Xiaoyue & Ning, Ru & Zhao, Xian & Wu, Congshan, 2023. "Reliability assessments for two types of balanced systems with multi-state protective devices," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
    3. Zhao, Xian & Han, He & Jiao, Chunhui & Qiu, Qingan, 2024. "Reliability modeling of k-out-of-n: F balanced systems with common bus performance sharing," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 248(C).
    4. Wang, Siqi & Zhao, Xian & Wu, Congshan & Wang, Xiaoyue, 2023. "Joint optimization of multi-stage component reassignment and preventive maintenance for balanced systems considering imperfect maintenance," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 237(C).
    5. Yangyao, Shi & Xinchen, Zhuang & Tianxiang, Yu & Zijian, Zhang, 2023. "Multi-state balance system reliability research considering load influence," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 233(C).
    6. Wu, Congshan & Zhao, Xian & Wang, Siqi & Song, Yanbo, 2022. "Reliability analysis of consecutive-k-out-of-r-from-n subsystems: F balanced systems with load sharing," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
    7. Wang, Xiaoyue & Ning, Ru & Zhao, Xian & Zhou, Jian, 2022. "Reliability analyses of k-out-of-n: F capability-balanced systems in a multi-source shock environment," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    8. Chai, Xiaofei & Kilic, Onur A. & Veldman, Jasper & Teunter, Ruud H. & Zhao, Xian, 2024. "Condition-based reallocation and maintenance for a 1-out-of-2 pairs balanced system," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 318(2), pages 618-628.
    9. Fang, Chen & Zeng, Chenhao & Li, Jiaran & Chen, Jianhui, 2025. "Reliability analysis of consecutive -ks-outs-of-ns: F system with a circular polygon structure considering subsystems balance in shock environment," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    10. Liu, Hengchang & Li, Bo & Yao, Fengming & Hu, Gexi & Xie, Lei, 2024. "Maintenance optimization of multi-unit balanced systems using deep reinforcement learning," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 244(C).
    11. Fang, Chen & Chen, Jianhui & Qiu, Daizhen, 2024. "Reliability modeling for balanced systems considering mission abort policies," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 243(C).
    12. Wang, Siqi & Zhao, Xian & Tian, Zhigang & Zuo, Ming J., 2021. "Optimum component reassignment for balanced systems with multi-state components operating in a shock environment," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 210(C).
    13. Yanbo Song & Xiaoyue Wang, 2022. "Reliability Analysis of the Multi-State k -out-of- n : F Systems with Multiple Operation Mechanisms," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(23), pages 1-16, December.
    14. Fang, Chen & Cui, Lirong, 2021. "Balanced Systems by Considering Multi-state Competing Risks Under Degradation Processes," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    15. Fang, Chen & Cui, Lirong, 2021. "Reliability evaluation for balanced systems with auto-balancing mechanisms," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    16. Zheng, Rui & Fang, Haojun & Song, Yanying, 2024. "A condition-based maintenance policy for a two-component balanced system with dependent degradation processes," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 252(C).
    17. Wang, Xiaoyue & Zhao, Xian & Wang, Siqi & Sun, Leping, 2020. "Reliability and maintenance for performance-balanced systems operating in a shock environment," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 195(C).
    18. Tian, Tianzi & Yang, Jun & Li, Lei & Wang, Ning, 2023. "Reliability assessment of performance-based balanced systems with rebalancing mechanisms," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 233(C).
    19. Wu, Congshan & Zhao, Xian & Wang, Xiaoyue & Wang, Siqi, 2021. "Reliability analysis of performance-based balanced systems with common bus performance sharing," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 215(C).
    20. Wang, Jingjing & Wang, Zongxi & Zheng, Rui, 2021. "Optimal inventory policy for a balanced system subject to hard failure," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 216(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:reensy:v:254:y:2025:i:pb:s0951832024006987. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/reliability-engineering-and-system-safety .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.