IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/reensy/v252y2024ics0951832024004915.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Reliability and availability analysis of high-altitude platform stations through semi-Markov modeling

Author

Listed:
  • Mittal, Nikita
  • Ivanova, Nika
  • Jain, Vidyottama
  • Vishnevsky, Vladimir

Abstract

In the development and deployment of both tethered and autonomous High Altitude Platform Station (HAPS), flight modules such as hexacopter and octocopter with 6 or 8 rotors are most often used. The primary focus of this article is to compute the reliability of tethered HAPS by analyzing the effectiveness of their redundant rotor systems. To measure the performance of such systems, it is convenient to consider mathematical models as k-out-of-n models. Although Markov models have extensively been reported to analyze the reliability of repairable k-out-of-n models, this work introduces an alternative and more thorough methodology. In this work, a semi-Markov model (SMM) is proposed to calculate the probability of rotors being operational after the failure of some rotors in order to analyze system reliability. We emphasize that an SMM model is more appropriate as it provides a more accurate assessment of the probability of system failure over time through non-exponential sojourn time. Further, the efficacy of the proposed SMM is studied through the evaluation of steady-state availability, mean time to failure and reliability. Overall, the findings of this study enhance our comprehension of the reliability of repairable systems and extend the existing knowledge base of HAPS reliability analysis.

Suggested Citation

  • Mittal, Nikita & Ivanova, Nika & Jain, Vidyottama & Vishnevsky, Vladimir, 2024. "Reliability and availability analysis of high-altitude platform stations through semi-Markov modeling," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 252(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:reensy:v:252:y:2024:i:c:s0951832024004915
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ress.2024.110419
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0951832024004915
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.ress.2024.110419?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Gupta, Vandana & Dharmaraja, S., 2011. "Semi-Markov modeling of dependability of VoIP network in the presence of resource degradation and security attacks," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 96(12), pages 1627-1636.
    2. Wu, Congshan & Zhao, Xian & Wang, Siqi & Song, Yanbo, 2022. "Reliability analysis of consecutive-k-out-of-r-from-n subsystems: F balanced systems with load sharing," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
    3. Feng, Qiang & Liu, Meng & Dui, Hongyan & Ren, Yi & Sun, Bo & Yang, Dezhen & Wang, Zili, 2022. "Importance measure-based phased mission reliability and UAV number optimization for swarm," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).
    4. Li, Mingjia & Hu, Linmin & Wu, Shaomin & Zhao, Bing & Wang, Yan, 2023. "Reliability assessment for consecutive-k-out-of-n: F retrial systems under Poisson shocks," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 448(C).
    5. Vladimir Rykov & Nika Ivanova & Dmitry Kozyrev, 2021. "Application of Decomposable Semi-Regenerative Processes to the Study of k -out-of- n Systems," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(16), pages 1-23, August.
    6. Wang, Chaonan & Wang, Xiaolei & Xing, Liudong & Guan, Quanlong & Yang, Chunhui & Yu, Min, 2023. "Efficient reliability approximation for large k-out-of-n cold standby systems with position-dependent component lifetime distributions," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).
    7. Wang, Xiaoyue & Zhao, Xian & Wu, Congshan & Wang, Siqi, 2022. "Mixed shock model for multi-state weighted k-out-of-n: F systems with degraded resistance against shocks," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 217(C).
    8. Oszczypała, Mateusz & Konwerski, Jakub & Ziółkowski, Jarosław & Małachowski, Jerzy, 2024. "Reliability analysis and redundancy optimization of k-out-of-n systems with random variable k using continuous time Markov chain and Monte Carlo simulation," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    9. Endharta, Alfonsus Julanto & Yun, Won Young & Ko, Young Myoung, 2018. "Reliability evaluation of circular k-out-of-n: G balanced systems through minimal path sets," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 226-236.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zhou, Xinxin & Huang, Yun & Bai, Guanghan & Xu, Bei & Tao, Junyong, 2024. "The resilience evaluation of unmanned autonomous swarm with informed agents under partial failure," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 244(C).
    2. Zhao, Xian & Han, He & Jiao, Chunhui & Qiu, Qingan, 2024. "Reliability modeling of k-out-of-n: F balanced systems with common bus performance sharing," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 248(C).
    3. Wang, Xiaoyue & Ning, Ru & Zhao, Xian & Wu, Congshan, 2023. "Reliability assessments for two types of balanced systems with multi-state protective devices," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
    4. Wang, Xiaoyue & Ning, Ru & Zhao, Xian & Zhou, Jian, 2022. "Reliability analyses of k-out-of-n: F capability-balanced systems in a multi-source shock environment," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    5. Shuai Cao & Xiaoyue Wang, 2024. "Mission abort strategy for generalized k-out-of-n: F systems considering competing failure criteria," Journal of Risk and Reliability, , vol. 238(4), pages 839-852, August.
    6. Zhao, Xian & Li, Ziyue & Wang, Xiaoyue & Guo, Bin, 2023. "Reliability of performance-based system containing multiple load-sharing subsystems with protective devices considering protection randomness," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 239(C).
    7. Yanbo Song & Xiaoyue Wang, 2022. "Reliability Analysis of the Multi-State k -out-of- n : F Systems with Multiple Operation Mechanisms," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(23), pages 1-16, December.
    8. Wu, Congshan & Pan, Rong & Zhao, Xian & Wang, Xiaoyue, 2024. "Designing preventive maintenance for multi-state systems with performance sharing," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 241(C).
    9. Wu, Congshan & Zhao, Xian & Wang, Siqi & Song, Yanbo, 2025. "Reliability analysis of weighted k-out-of-n: G performance sharing systems with multiple transmission loss levels," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 257(PA).
    10. Wang, Siqi & Zhao, Xian & Wu, Congshan & Wang, Xiaoyue, 2023. "Joint optimization of multi-stage component reassignment and preventive maintenance for balanced systems considering imperfect maintenance," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 237(C).
    11. Dharmaraja, S. & Vinayak, Resham & Trivedi, Kishor S., 2016. "Reliability and survivability of vehicular ad hoc networks: An analytical approach," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 28-38.
    12. Levitin, Gregory & Xing, Liudong & Dai, Yuanshun, 2025. "Optimal operation and maintenance scheduling in generalized repairable m-out-of-n standby systems with common shocks," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    13. Che, Haiyang & Zeng, Shengkui & Zhao, Yingzhi & Guo, Jianbin, 2024. "Reliability assessment of multi-state weighted k-out-of-n man-machine systems considering dependent machine deterioration and human fatigue," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 246(C).
    14. Yang, Yuheng & Guo, Xing & Hai, Xingshuo & Feng, Qiang & Sun, Bo & Wang, Zili, 2025. "Modeling and vulnerability analysis of UAV swarm based on two-layer multi-edge complex network," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    15. Fang, Chen & Cui, Lirong, 2021. "Balanced Systems by Considering Multi-state Competing Risks Under Degradation Processes," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    16. Gao, Hongda & Cui, Lirong & Yi, He, 2019. "Availability analysis of k-out-of-n: F repairable balanced systems with m sectors," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    17. Guo, Xing & Feng, Qiang & Wu, Zeyu & Liu, Meng & Ren, Yi & Yang, Chao & Wang, Zili, 2025. "Multi-agent-based failure modeling for uncrewed swarm systems considering cross-layer diffusion characteristics," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 257(PA).
    18. D׳Amico, Guglielmo & Petroni, Filippo & Prattico, Flavio, 2015. "Reliability measures for indexed semi-Markov chains applied to wind energy production," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 170-177.
    19. Gu, Liudong & Wang, Guanjun & Zhou, Yifan, 2024. "Optimal allocation of multi-state performance sharing systems with multiple common buses," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 247(C).
    20. Wu, Zhitao & Chen, Qian & Wang, Yujie & Wang, Chaonan & Rong, Wenjing, 2025. "A decision diagram method for phased-mission systems with probabilistic cascading failures," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:reensy:v:252:y:2024:i:c:s0951832024004915. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/reliability-engineering-and-system-safety .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.