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Optimizing air traffic management through point merge procedures: Minimizing delays and environmental impact in arrival operations

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  • Hardell, Henrik
  • Otero, Evelyn
  • Polishchuk, Tatiana
  • Smetanová, Lucie

Abstract

We present an application of a mixed-integer programming (MIP) framework for automatic traffic synchronization, providing safe separation between the arriving traffic within the terminal maneuvering area (TMA) of an airport implementing point merge (PM) procedures. Additionally, the proposed methodology ensures conflict-free operations when departures and arrivals share a common runway. Based on real traffic scenarios for two European airports, we model realistic descent profiles and assume all the arrivals are performing the most fuel-efficient continuous descent operations (CDOs). We compare two scenarios: in the first, the arriving aircraft are strictly forced to adhere to the published arrival route structures, meaning that a turn towards the merge point may not be initiated prior to reaching the point merge system (PMS), while in the second scenario, aircraft may be assigned a shortcut from a published waypoint along the arrival route. We evaluate the resulting arrival flight efficiency and compare it to that of the actual flights, arriving during the hour selected for our optimization, noticing varying benefits for the two airports and whether shortcuts are allowed or not. Given the correct setting for the specific airport, we demonstrate that our approach provides significant benefits, including increased vertical performance as well as reduced time and distance, contributing to lower levels of noise and fuel savings, accompanied by reduced emissions.

Suggested Citation

  • Hardell, Henrik & Otero, Evelyn & Polishchuk, Tatiana & Smetanová, Lucie, 2025. "Optimizing air traffic management through point merge procedures: Minimizing delays and environmental impact in arrival operations," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jaitra:v:123:y:2025:i:c:s0969699724001716
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2024.102706
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Marcella Samà & Andrea D’Ariano & Konstantin Palagachev & Matthias Gerdts, 2019. "Integration methods for aircraft scheduling and trajectory optimization at a busy terminal manoeuvring area," OR Spectrum: Quantitative Approaches in Management, Springer;Gesellschaft für Operations Research e.V., vol. 41(3), pages 641-681, September.
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