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Family structure and the performance of Brazilian students: An analysis using the oaxaca-ransom methodology with SAEB 2019 Data

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  • Strapazzon, Ivana Carla
  • França, Marco Túlio Aniceto
  • Frio, Gustavo Saraiva

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the relationship between the academic performance of Brazilian students and two- and single-parent family structures. Faced with new family compositions, the prevalence of single-parent families increased by 32 % (2000–2010), according to official statistics (IBGE). Compared to traditional arrangements (two-parent arrangements), aspects related to the time available to monitor children at school are weakened. In addition, single-parent families have lower family income. The methodology chosen was the Oaxaca-Ransom and the dataset was obtained from the SAEB exam using students in their fifth year of elementary school in 2019. A higher average academic performance was observed in the two-parent arrangement when comparing the students in both groups. However, in the analysis of the single-mother segment, a discrepancy was identified regarding favorable performance for the female single-mother segment. Given this, it can be concluded that the family environment affects educational performance.

Suggested Citation

  • Strapazzon, Ivana Carla & França, Marco Túlio Aniceto & Frio, Gustavo Saraiva, 2025. "Family structure and the performance of Brazilian students: An analysis using the oaxaca-ransom methodology with SAEB 2019 Data," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:injoed:v:115:y:2025:i:c:s0738059325000896
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijedudev.2025.103291
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    School performance; Family structure; Two-parents; Single-parent; Oaxaca-Ransom;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • C21 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models

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