A risk-averse approach for distribution locational marginal price calculation in electrical distribution networks

As distributed generation (DG) systems continue reshaping power networks, optimizing pricing strategies at DG buses using the distribution locational marginal price (DLMP) concept becomes critical for economic efficiency and the optimal operation of the network. This paper proposes a novel approach that combines Information Gap Decision Theory (IGDT) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to address these challenges. IGDT offers a robust framework for optimizing pricing in the presence of uncertainties and incomplete information in the distribution network. It quantifies and models these uncertainties, enabling the creation of adaptable pricing strategies that respond effectively to changes in DG output and market conditions. To further refine pricing strategies, PSO is integrated into the IGDT framework. PSO's iterative approach allows for the discovery of optimal pricing parameters at DG buses, striking a balance between maximizing DG owner profits and ensuring system optimality. Extensive simulations on two realistic distribution network models validate the effectiveness of the proposed IGDT-PSO approach. It demonstrates that DG owners can reliably achieve their predefined profit targets while also adhering to the objectives of the distribution network.